ABAP Select data from SAP table YMESS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP YMESS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to YMESS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the YMESS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_YMESS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF YMESS,
      WA_YMESS TYPE YMESS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <YMESS> TYPE YMESS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_YMESS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM YMESS
  INTO TABLE IT_YMESS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM YMESS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_YMESS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_YMESS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_YMESS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_YMESS ASSIGNING <YMESS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<YMESS>-MANDT = 1.
<YMESS>-MSID = 1.
<YMESS>-WERK = 1.
<YMESS>-ORDERNO = 1.
<YMESS>-OPERATION = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_YMESS INTO WA_YMESS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_YMESS-PHASE, sy-vline,
  WA_YMESS-SOURCE, sy-vline,
  WA_YMESS-READING, sy-vline,
  WA_YMESS-UOM, sy-vline,
  WA_YMESS-EVENTDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_YMESS-EVENTTIME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_YMESS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_YMESS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_YMESS INTO WA_YMESS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORDERNO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_YMESS-ORDERNO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_YMESS-ORDERNO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field OPERATION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_YMESS-OPERATION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_YMESS-OPERATION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field PHASE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_YMESS-PHASE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_YMESS-PHASE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UOM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_YMESS-UOM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_YMESS-UOM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_YMESS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MSID TYPE STRING,
WERK TYPE STRING,
ORDERNO TYPE STRING,
OPERATION TYPE STRING,
PHASE TYPE STRING,
SOURCE TYPE STRING,
READING TYPE STRING,
UOM TYPE STRING,
EVENTDATE TYPE STRING,
EVENTTIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_YMESS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_YMESS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-MSID sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-WERK sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-ORDERNO sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-OPERATION sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-PHASE sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-SOURCE sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-READING sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-UOM sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-EVENTDATE sy-vline 
WA_YMESS_STR-EVENTTIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.