ABAP Select data from SAP table WAAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP WAAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to WAAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the WAAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_WAAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF WAAL,
      WA_WAAL TYPE WAAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <WAAL> TYPE WAAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_WAAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM WAAL
  INTO TABLE IT_WAAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM WAAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_WAAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_WAAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_WAAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_WAAL ASSIGNING <WAAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<WAAL>-MANDT = 1.
<WAAL>-AKTNR = 1.
<WAAL>-ARTNR = 1.
<WAAL>-MEBME = 1.
<WAAL>-LIFNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_WAAL INTO WA_WAAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_WAAL-EKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_WAAL-KUNNR, sy-vline,
  WA_WAAL-WERKS, sy-vline,
  WA_WAAL-LIFTY, sy-vline,
  WA_WAAL-RELIF, sy-vline,
  WA_WAAL-VZWRK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_WAAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_WAAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_WAAL INTO WA_WAAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AKTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-AKTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-AKTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field ARTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-ARTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-ARTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEBME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-MEBME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-MEBME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEBPR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-MEBPR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-MEBPR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EXTLI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_WAAL-EXTLI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_WAAL-EXTLI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_WAAL_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
AKTNR TYPE STRING,
ARTNR TYPE STRING,
MEBME TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
EKORG TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LIFTY TYPE STRING,
RELIF TYPE STRING,
VZWRK TYPE STRING,
BZQFI TYPE STRING,
EKGRP TYPE STRING,
PLEKP TYPE STRING,
WAEEK TYPE STRING,
EPEIN TYPE STRING,
MEBPR TYPE STRING,
EKKPS TYPE STRING,
NAME1 TYPE STRING,
EXTLI TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_WAAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_WAAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-AKTNR sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-ARTNR sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-MEBME sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-EKORG sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-LIFTY sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-RELIF sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-VZWRK sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-BZQFI sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-EKGRP sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-PLEKP sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-WAEEK sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-EPEIN sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-MEBPR sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-EKKPS sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-NAME1 sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-EXTLI sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_WAAL_STR-AEDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.