ABAP Select data from SAP table VZFGDLINE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VZFGDLINE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VZFGDLINE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VZFGDLINE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VZFGDLINE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VZFGDLINE,
      WA_VZFGDLINE TYPE VZFGDLINE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VZFGDLINE> TYPE VZFGDLINE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VZFGDLINE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VZFGDLINE
  INTO TABLE IT_VZFGDLINE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VZFGDLINE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VZFGDLINE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VZFGDLINE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VZFGDLINE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VZFGDLINE ASSIGNING <VZFGDLINE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VZFGDLINE>-MANDT = 1.
<VZFGDLINE>-SFGOBJ = 1.
<VZFGDLINE>-SKEY1 = 1.
<VZFGDLINE>-SKEY2 = 1.
<VZFGDLINE>-DATUM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VZFGDLINE INTO WA_VZFGDLINE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VZFGDLINE-UZEIT, sy-vline,
  WA_VZFGDLINE-UNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_VZFGDLINE-SFGST, sy-vline,
  WA_VZFGDLINE-SFGKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VZFGDLINE-XTEXT15, sy-vline,
  WA_VZFGDLINE-XTEXT50, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VZFGDLINE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VZFGDLINE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VZFGDLINE INTO WA_VZFGDLINE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VZFGDLINE_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SFGOBJ TYPE STRING,
SKEY1 TYPE STRING,
SKEY2 TYPE STRING,
DATUM TYPE STRING,
UZEIT TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
SFGST TYPE STRING,
SFGKZ TYPE STRING,
XTEXT15 TYPE STRING,
XTEXT50 TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
BEGRU TYPE STRING,
SSTATI TYPE STRING,
XUABTEI TYPE STRING,
VVSLOEKZ TYPE STRING,
GSART TYPE STRING,
BSCHWRT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
REPID TYPE STRING,
TEXT1 TYPE STRING,
TEXT2 TYPE STRING,
SPERRKZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VZFGDLINE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SFGOBJ sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SKEY1 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SKEY2 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-UZEIT sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SFGST sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SFGKZ sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-XTEXT15 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-XTEXT50 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-BEGRU sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SSTATI sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-XUABTEI sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-VVSLOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-GSART sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-BSCHWRT sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-REPID sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-TEXT1 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-TEXT2 sy-vline 
WA_VZFGDLINE_STR-SPERRKZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.