ABAP Select data from SAP table VZBEST_RT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VZBEST_RT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VZBEST_RT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VZBEST_RT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VZBEST_RT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VZBEST_RT,
      WA_VZBEST_RT TYPE VZBEST_RT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VZBEST_RT> TYPE VZBEST_RT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VZBEST_RT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VZBEST_RT
  INTO TABLE IT_VZBEST_RT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VZBEST_RT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VZBEST_RT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VZBEST_RT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VZBEST_RT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VZBEST_RT ASSIGNING <VZBEST_RT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VZBEST_RT>-MANDT = 1.
<VZBEST_RT>-RANTYP = 1.
<VZBEST_RT>-BUKRS = 1.
<VZBEST_RT>-RKEY1 = 1.
<VZBEST_RT>-RKEY2 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VZBEST_RT INTO WA_VZBEST_RT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VZBEST_RT-RANL, sy-vline,
  WA_VZBEST_RT-RLDEPO, sy-vline,
  WA_VZBEST_RT-RPORTB, sy-vline,
  WA_VZBEST_RT-RFHA, sy-vline,
  WA_VZBEST_RT-SANLF, sy-vline,
  WA_VZBEST_RT-SGSART, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VZBEST_RT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VZBEST_RT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VZBEST_RT INTO WA_VZBEST_RT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RKLAMMER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-RKLAMMER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-RKLAMMER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field URGATT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-URGATT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-URGATT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANLVD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-RANLVD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-RANLVD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VZBEST_RT-PARTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VZBEST_RT-PARTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VZBEST_RT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RKEY1 TYPE STRING,
RKEY2 TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
RLDEPO TYPE STRING,
RPORTB TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
SANLF TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
RKLAMMER TYPE STRING,
DBLFZ TYPE STRING,
DELFZ TYPE STRING,
SZINSTYP TYPE STRING,
PKOND TYPE STRING,
SWHRKOND TYPE STRING,
SZSREF TYPE STRING,
SNOTTYPE TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
SFGTYP TYPE STRING,
SFGZUSTT TYPE STRING,
URANTYP TYPE STRING,
USANLF TYPE STRING,
USGSART TYPE STRING,
USFHAART TYPE STRING,
URGATT TYPE STRING,
ASTUECK TYPE STRING,
BNOMINAL TYPE STRING,
SBWHR TYPE STRING,
SHWHR TYPE STRING,
BKAUFWR TYPE STRING,
BKAUFHW TYPE STRING,
BBUCHWR TYPE STRING,
BBUCHHW TYPE STRING,
BKURSWEFW TYPE STRING,
BKURSWEHW TYPE STRING,
WGSCHFT TYPE STRING,
WGSCHFT1 TYPE STRING,
WGSCHFT2 TYPE STRING,
KKURS TYPE STRING,
RHANDPL TYPE STRING,
RANLVD TYPE STRING,
BVKWR TYPE STRING,
BVKHW TYPE STRING,
BZKWR TYPE STRING,
BZKHW TYPE STRING,
BRPWR TYPE STRING,
BRPHW TYPE STRING,
BRIWR TYPE STRING,
BRIHW TYPE STRING,
BRVWR TYPE STRING,
BRVHW TYPE STRING,
BMIWR TYPE STRING,
BMIHW TYPE STRING,
BATWR TYPE STRING,
BATHW TYPE STRING,
BATZWR TYPE STRING,
BATZHW TYPE STRING,
BPTWR TYPE STRING,
BPTHW TYPE STRING,
BPTZWR TYPE STRING,
BPTZHW TYPE STRING,
BAVWR TYPE STRING,
BAVHW TYPE STRING,
BVAWR TYPE STRING,
BVAHW TYPE STRING,
HBKID TYPE STRING,
BNOMI1 TYPE STRING,
BNOMI2 TYPE STRING,
PARTNR TYPE STRING,
SOFTYP TYPE STRING,
RDEALER TYPE STRING,
ZUOND TYPE STRING,
REFER TYPE STRING,
MERKM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VZBEST_RT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RANTYP sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RKEY1 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RKEY2 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RLDEPO sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RPORTB sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SANLF sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RKLAMMER sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-DBLFZ sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-DELFZ sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SZINSTYP sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-PKOND sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SWHRKOND sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SZSREF sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SNOTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SFGTYP sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SFGZUSTT sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-URANTYP sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-USANLF sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-USGSART sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-USFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-URGATT sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-ASTUECK sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BNOMINAL sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SBWHR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SHWHR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BKAUFWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BKAUFHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BBUCHWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BBUCHHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BKURSWEFW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BKURSWEHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-WGSCHFT sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-WGSCHFT1 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-WGSCHFT2 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-KKURS sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RHANDPL sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RANLVD sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BVKWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BVKHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BZKWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BZKHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRPWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRPHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRIWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRIHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRVWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BRVHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BMIWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BMIHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BATWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BATHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BATZWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BATZHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BPTWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BPTHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BPTZWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BPTZHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BAVWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BAVHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BVAWR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BVAHW sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-HBKID sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BNOMI1 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-BNOMI2 sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-PARTNR sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-SOFTYP sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-RDEALER sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-ZUOND sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-REFER sy-vline 
WA_VZBEST_RT_STR-MERKM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.