ABAP Select data from SAP table VV_TPOST_M into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VV_TPOST_M table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VV_TPOST_M. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VV_TPOST_M table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VV_TPOST_M TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VV_TPOST_M,
      WA_VV_TPOST_M TYPE VV_TPOST_M,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VV_TPOST_M> TYPE VV_TPOST_M.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VV_TPOST_M.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VV_TPOST_M
  INTO TABLE IT_VV_TPOST_M.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VV_TPOST_M
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VV_TPOST_M2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VV_TPOST_M INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VV_TPOST_M2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VV_TPOST_M ASSIGNING <VV_TPOST_M>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VV_TPOST_M>-MANDT = 1.
<VV_TPOST_M>-KAPPL = 1.
<VV_TPOST_M>-POFOST = 1.
<VV_TPOST_M>-KALSM = 1.
<VV_TPOST_M>-VTEXT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VV_TPOST_M INTO WA_VV_TPOST_M.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VV_TPOST_M-PRDVO, sy-vline,
  WA_VV_TPOST_M-POFOZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VV_TPOST_M-TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VV_TPOST_M-POFST, sy-vline,
  WA_VV_TPOST_M-POEXL, sy-vline,
  WA_VV_TPOST_M-POFOB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VV_TPOST_M you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VV_TPOST_M TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VV_TPOST_M INTO WA_VV_TPOST_M.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VV_TPOST_M_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
POFOST TYPE STRING,
KALSM TYPE STRING,
VTEXT TYPE STRING,
PRDVO TYPE STRING,
POFOZ TYPE STRING,
TEXT TYPE STRING,
POFST TYPE STRING,
POEXL TYPE STRING,
POFOB TYPE STRING,
POCOM TYPE STRING,
POLOG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POFOST sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-KALSM sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-VTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-PRDVO sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POFOZ sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-TEXT sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POFST sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POEXL sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POFOB sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POCOM sy-vline 
WA_VV_TPOST_M_STR-POLOG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.