ABAP Select data from SAP table VTVFGMSGAP into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTVFGMSGAP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTVFGMSGAP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTVFGMSGAP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTVFGMSGAP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTVFGMSGAP,
      WA_VTVFGMSGAP TYPE VTVFGMSGAP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTVFGMSGAP> TYPE VTVFGMSGAP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTVFGMSGAP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTVFGMSGAP
  INTO TABLE IT_VTVFGMSGAP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTVFGMSGAP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTVFGMSGAP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTVFGMSGAP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTVFGMSGAP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTVFGMSGAP ASSIGNING <VTVFGMSGAP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTVFGMSGAP>-DELTA_KNZ = 1.
<VTVFGMSGAP>-STAT_KNZ = 1.
<VTVFGMSGAP>-OZ_FROM = 1.
<VTVFGMSGAP>-SOPPZINS = 1.
<VTVFGMSGAP>-SEFFZINS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTVFGMSGAP INTO WA_VTVFGMSGAP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTVFGMSGAP-SDATUM, sy-vline,
  WA_VTVFGMSGAP-SEXTGAP, sy-vline,
  WA_VTVFGMSGAP-EXDEST, sy-vline,
  WA_VTVFGMSGAP-EXFUNC, sy-vline,
  WA_VTVFGMSGAP-BILVOLKNZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VTVFGMSGAP-LFZENDE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTVFGMSGAP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTVFGMSGAP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTVFGMSGAP INTO WA_VTVFGMSGAP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTVFGMSGAP_STR, 
DELTA_KNZ TYPE STRING,
STAT_KNZ TYPE STRING,
OZ_FROM TYPE STRING,
SOPPZINS TYPE STRING,
SEFFZINS TYPE STRING,
SDATUM TYPE STRING,
SEXTGAP TYPE STRING,
EXDEST TYPE STRING,
EXFUNC TYPE STRING,
BILVOLKNZ TYPE STRING,
LFZENDE TYPE STRING,
DEVTERM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-DELTA_KNZ sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-STAT_KNZ sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-OZ_FROM sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-SOPPZINS sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-SEFFZINS sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-SDATUM sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-SEXTGAP sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-EXDEST sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-EXFUNC sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-BILVOLKNZ sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-LFZENDE sy-vline 
WA_VTVFGMSGAP_STR-DEVTERM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.