ABAP Select data from SAP table VTRK_G into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTRK_G table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTRK_G. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTRK_G table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTRK_G TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTRK_G,
      WA_VTRK_G TYPE VTRK_G,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTRK_G> TYPE VTRK_G.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTRK_G.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTRK_G
  INTO TABLE IT_VTRK_G.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTRK_G
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTRK_G2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTRK_G INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTRK_G2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTRK_G ASSIGNING <VTRK_G>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTRK_G>-UEVBELN = 1.
<VTRK_G>-SORT = 1.
<VTRK_G>-VLABDATA = 1.
<VTRK_G>-VEMNG = 1.
<VTRK_G>-VEMEH = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTRK_G INTO WA_VTRK_G.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTRK_G-TRKSTATD, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRK_G-TRKSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRK_G-TRKTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRK_G-TRACKDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRK_G-TRACKTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRK_G-TRACKTZNZONE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTRK_G you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTRK_G TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTRK_G INTO WA_VTRK_G.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field UEVBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRK_G-UEVBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRK_G-UEVBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VEMEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRK_G-VEMEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRK_G-VEMEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRK_G-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRK_G-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VGBEL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRK_G-VGBEL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRK_G-VGBEL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTRK_G_STR, 
UEVBELN TYPE STRING,
SORT TYPE STRING,
VLABDATA TYPE STRING,
VEMNG TYPE STRING,
VEMEH TYPE STRING,
TRKSTATD TYPE STRING,
TRKSTAT TYPE STRING,
TRKTEXT TYPE STRING,
TRACKDATE TYPE STRING,
TRACKTIME TYPE STRING,
TRACKTZNZONE TYPE STRING,
XSITD TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
TRACKLOC TYPE STRING,
TRACKTEXT TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
VLABTYP TYPE STRING,
VGBEL TYPE STRING,
VGPOS TYPE STRING,
LVC_VALUE TYPE STRING,
TREELEVEL TYPE STRING,
NKEY TYPE STRING,
RELATKEY TYPE STRING,
TYPE TYPE STRING,
ID TYPE STRING,
NUMBER TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE_V1 TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE_V2 TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE_V3 TYPE STRING,
MESSAGE_V4 TYPE STRING,
VGTYP TYPE STRING,
TRKDLVTO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTRK_G_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTRK_G_STR-UEVBELN sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-SORT sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VLABDATA sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VEMNG sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VEMEH sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRKSTATD sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRKSTAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRKTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRACKDATE sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRACKTIME sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRACKTZNZONE sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-XSITD sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRACKLOC sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRACKTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VLABTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VGBEL sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VGPOS sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-LVC_VALUE sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TREELEVEL sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-NKEY sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-RELATKEY sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TYPE sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-ID sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-NUMBER sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-MESSAGE sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-MESSAGE_V1 sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-MESSAGE_V2 sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-MESSAGE_V3 sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-MESSAGE_V4 sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-VGTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTRK_G_STR-TRKDLVTO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.