ABAP Select data from SAP table VTRDI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTRDI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTRDI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTRDI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTRDI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTRDI,
      WA_VTRDI TYPE VTRDI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTRDI> TYPE VTRDI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTRDI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTRDI
  INTO TABLE IT_VTRDI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTRDI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTRDI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTRDI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTRDI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTRDI ASSIGNING <VTRDI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTRDI>-MANDT = 1.
<VTRDI>-TRSTA = 1.
<VTRDI>-VSTEL = 1.
<VTRDI>-TDDAT = 1.
<VTRDI>-VBELN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTRDI INTO WA_VTRDI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTRDI-VBTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRDI-LSTEL, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRDI-ROUTE, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRDI-TRAGR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRDI-VSBED, sy-vline,
  WA_VTRDI-LAND1, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTRDI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTRDI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTRDI INTO WA_VTRDI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VOLEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-VOLEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-VOLEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SPDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-SPDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-SPDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field TRMTYP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-TRMTYP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-TRMTYP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SOURCE_LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTRDI-SOURCE_LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTRDI-SOURCE_LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTRDI_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
TRSTA TYPE STRING,
VSTEL TYPE STRING,
TDDAT TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
VBTYP TYPE STRING,
LSTEL TYPE STRING,
ROUTE TYPE STRING,
TRAGR TYPE STRING,
VSBED TYPE STRING,
LAND1 TYPE STRING,
LZONE TYPE STRING,
WADAT TYPE STRING,
LDDAT TYPE STRING,
LFDAT TYPE STRING,
KODAT TYPE STRING,
BTGEW TYPE STRING,
VOLUM TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
VOLEH TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
SPDNR TYPE STRING,
INCO1 TYPE STRING,
INCO2 TYPE STRING,
LPRIO TYPE STRING,
TRSPG TYPE STRING,
WBSTK TYPE STRING,
TRATY TYPE STRING,
TRMTYP TYPE STRING,
VSART TYPE STRING,
SDABW TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,
FORCE_ID TYPE STRING,
FORCE_CNT TYPE STRING,
RELOC_ID TYPE STRING,
RELOC_SEQ_ID TYPE STRING,
SOURCE_LOGSYS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTRDI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTRDI_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TRSTA sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VSTEL sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TDDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VBTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LSTEL sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-ROUTE sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TRAGR sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VSBED sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LAND1 sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LZONE sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-WADAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LDDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LFDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-KODAT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-BTGEW sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VOLUM sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VOLEH sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-SPDNR sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-INCO1 sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-INCO2 sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-LPRIO sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TRSPG sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-WBSTK sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TRATY sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-TRMTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-VSART sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-SDABW sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-FORCE_ID sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-FORCE_CNT sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-RELOC_ID sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-RELOC_SEQ_ID sy-vline 
WA_VTRDI_STR-SOURCE_LOGSYS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.