ABAP Select data from SAP table VTIPAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTIPAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTIPAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTIPAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTIPAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTIPAL,
      WA_VTIPAL TYPE VTIPAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTIPAL> TYPE VTIPAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTIPAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTIPAL
  INTO TABLE IT_VTIPAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTIPAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTIPAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTIPAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTIPAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTIPAL ASSIGNING <VTIPAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTIPAL>-MANDT = 1.
<VTIPAL>-SMIETR = 1.
<VTIPAL>-XMIETR = 1.
<VTIPAL>-AJHRANP = 1.
<VTIPAL>-PERHJHR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTIPAL INTO WA_VTIPAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTIPAL-PPROJHR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIPAL-PZUABMAX, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIPAL-DSTCHERH, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIPAL-AJHRANPR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIPAL-PERHJHRR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIPAL-BFEKAPAB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTIPAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTIPAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTIPAL INTO WA_VTIPAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTIPAL_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SMIETR TYPE STRING,
XMIETR TYPE STRING,
AJHRANP TYPE STRING,
PERHJHR TYPE STRING,
PPROJHR TYPE STRING,
PZUABMAX TYPE STRING,
DSTCHERH TYPE STRING,
AJHRANPR TYPE STRING,
PERHJHRR TYPE STRING,
BFEKAPAB TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
BFEABS TYPE STRING,
AMONMIND TYPE STRING,
SBESANPA TYPE STRING,
SKOARTOU TYPE STRING,
SKOARTRS TYPE STRING,
AJAHRNEU TYPE STRING,
PMAXUSURY TYPE STRING,
PDEFUSURY TYPE STRING,
SKOTYPAO TYPE STRING,
SKOTYPBK TYPE STRING,
SKOARTFB TYPE STRING,
SKOARTAZ TYPE STRING,
JMONMIND TYPE STRING,
JINDBASE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTIPAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTIPAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SMIETR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-XMIETR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-AJHRANP sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PERHJHR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PPROJHR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PZUABMAX sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-DSTCHERH sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-AJHRANPR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PERHJHRR sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-BFEKAPAB sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-BFEABS sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-AMONMIND sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SBESANPA sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOARTOU sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOARTRS sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-AJAHRNEU sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PMAXUSURY sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-PDEFUSURY sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOTYPAO sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOTYPBK sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOARTFB sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-SKOARTAZ sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-JMONMIND sy-vline 
WA_VTIPAL_STR-JINDBASE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.