ABAP Select data from SAP table VTIJOURNAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTIJOURNAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTIJOURNAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTIJOURNAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTIJOURNAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTIJOURNAL,
      WA_VTIJOURNAL TYPE VTIJOURNAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTIJOURNAL> TYPE VTIJOURNAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTIJOURNAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTIJOURNAL
  INTO TABLE IT_VTIJOURNAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTIJOURNAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTIJOURNAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTIJOURNAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTIJOURNAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTIJOURNAL ASSIGNING <VTIJOURNAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTIJOURNAL>-MANDT = 1.
<VTIJOURNAL>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTIJOURNAL>-RFHA = 1.
<VTIJOURNAL>-SGSART = 1.
<VTIJOURNAL>-XSGSART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTIJOURNAL INTO WA_VTIJOURNAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTIJOURNAL-SFHAART, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIJOURNAL-XFATEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIJOURNAL-KONTRH, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIJOURNAL-XKONTRH, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIJOURNAL-RPORTB, sy-vline,
  WA_VTIJOURNAL-ZUONR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTIJOURNAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTIJOURNAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTIJOURNAL INTO WA_VTIJOURNAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTIJOURNAL-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTIJOURNAL-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTIJOURNAL-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTIJOURNAL-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTIJOURNAL_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
XSGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
XFATEXT TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
XKONTRH TYPE STRING,
RPORTB TYPE STRING,
ZUONR TYPE STRING,
RDEALER TYPE STRING,
DVTRAB TYPE STRING,
SFGZUSTT TYPE STRING,
XVTYP TYPE STRING,
SAKTIV TYPE STRING,
XSTATUS TYPE STRING,
CRUSER TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
UPUSER TYPE STRING,
DUPDAT TYPE STRING,
TUPTIM TYPE STRING,
SANLF TYPE STRING,
SFGTYP TYPE STRING,
SCONFIRM TYPE STRING,
DEXDAT TYPE STRING,
UEXNAM TYPE STRING,
SRECONFIRM TYPE STRING,
DREDAT TYPE STRING,
URENAM TYPE STRING,
NORDEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-XSGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-XFATEXT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-XKONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-RPORTB sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-ZUONR sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-RDEALER sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-DVTRAB sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SFGZUSTT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-XVTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SAKTIV sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-XSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-UPUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-DUPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-TUPTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SANLF sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SFGTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SCONFIRM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-DEXDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-UEXNAM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-SRECONFIRM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-DREDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-URENAM sy-vline 
WA_VTIJOURNAL_STR-NORDEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.