ABAP Select data from SAP table VTBSDOKU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTBSDOKU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTBSDOKU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTBSDOKU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTBSDOKU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTBSDOKU,
      WA_VTBSDOKU TYPE VTBSDOKU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTBSDOKU> TYPE VTBSDOKU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTBSDOKU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTBSDOKU
  INTO TABLE IT_VTBSDOKU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTBSDOKU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTBSDOKU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTBSDOKU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTBSDOKU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTBSDOKU ASSIGNING <VTBSDOKU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTBSDOKU>-ABPRICE = 1.
<VTBSDOKU>-AVVBASIS = 1.
<VTBSDOKU>-APWKURS = 1.
<VTBSDOKU>-KWAERS = 1.
<VTBSDOKU>-VKWAERS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTBSDOKU INTO WA_VTBSDOKU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTBSDOKU-KBETR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBSDOKU-VKBETR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBSDOKU-BNOMINAL, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBSDOKU-KONHIGH, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBSDOKU-KONLOW, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBSDOKU-TXTKURS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTBSDOKU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTBSDOKU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTBSDOKU INTO WA_VTBSDOKU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LZB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBSDOKU-LZB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBSDOKU-LZB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTBSDOKU_STR, 
ABPRICE TYPE STRING,
AVVBASIS TYPE STRING,
APWKURS TYPE STRING,
KWAERS TYPE STRING,
VKWAERS TYPE STRING,
KBETR TYPE STRING,
VKBETR TYPE STRING,
BNOMINAL TYPE STRING,
KONHIGH TYPE STRING,
KONLOW TYPE STRING,
TXTKURS TYPE STRING,
TXTZINS TYPE STRING,
XORDER TYPE STRING,
XVERTRAG TYPE STRING,
SELECTED TYPE STRING,
FORDDTYP TYPE STRING,
FORDNAMD TYPE STRING,
FORDCBXX TYPE STRING,
DLABEL TYPE STRING,
QUOTES TYPE STRING,
WINS TYPE STRING,
RANK TYPE STRING,
OUTOF TYPE STRING,
COMPETS TYPE STRING,
TOTQUOTES TYPE STRING,
COUNTERCONF TYPE STRING,
SSTATUS TYPE STRING,
LZB TYPE STRING,
STRACECORR TYPE STRING,
SCHEDULE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTBSDOKU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-ABPRICE sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-AVVBASIS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-APWKURS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-KWAERS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-VKWAERS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-KBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-VKBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-BNOMINAL sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-KONHIGH sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-KONLOW sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-TXTKURS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-TXTZINS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-XORDER sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-XVERTRAG sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-SELECTED sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-FORDDTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-FORDNAMD sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-FORDCBXX sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-DLABEL sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-QUOTES sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-WINS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-RANK sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-OUTOF sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-COMPETS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-TOTQUOTES sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-COUNTERCONF sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-SSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-LZB sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-STRACECORR sy-vline 
WA_VTBSDOKU_STR-SCHEDULE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.