ABAP Select data from SAP table VTBFIOR into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTBFIOR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTBFIOR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTBFIOR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTBFIOR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTBFIOR,
      WA_VTBFIOR TYPE VTBFIOR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTBFIOR> TYPE VTBFIOR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTBFIOR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTBFIOR
  INTO TABLE IT_VTBFIOR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTBFIOR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTBFIOR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTBFIOR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTBFIOR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTBFIOR ASSIGNING <VTBFIOR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTBFIOR>-MANDT = 1.
<VTBFIOR>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTBFIOR>-BELNR = 1.
<VTBFIOR>-GJAHR = 1.
<VTBFIOR>-BUZEI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTBFIOR INTO WA_VTBFIOR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTBFIOR-LFDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBFIOR-SSTATUS, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBFIOR-SSIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBFIOR-DVZAHL, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBFIOR-BTRANS, sy-vline,
  WA_VTBFIOR-WTRANS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTBFIOR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTBFIOR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTBFIOR INTO WA_VTBFIOR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field N_BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-N_BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-N_BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field N_GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-N_GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-N_GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field N_RSICH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTBFIOR-N_RSICH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTBFIOR-N_RSICH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTBFIOR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
LFDNR TYPE STRING,
SSTATUS TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
DVZAHL TYPE STRING,
BTRANS TYPE STRING,
WTRANS TYPE STRING,
WBASIS TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
SIANUSER TYPE STRING,
SIANDATE TYPE STRING,
SIANTIME TYPE STRING,
SIANUUSER TYPE STRING,
SIANUDATE TYPE STRING,
SIANUTIME TYPE STRING,
N_BUKRS TYPE STRING,
N_BELNR TYPE STRING,
N_GJAHR TYPE STRING,
N_RSICH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTBFIOR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-LFDNR sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-DVZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-BTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-WTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-WBASIS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANDATE sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANTIME sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANUUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANUDATE sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-SIANUTIME sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-N_BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-N_BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-N_GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VTBFIOR_STR-N_RSICH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.