ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_STA1 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_STA1 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_STA1. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_STA1 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_STA1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_STA1,
      WA_VTB_STA1 TYPE VTB_STA1,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_STA1> TYPE VTB_STA1.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_STA1.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_STA1
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_STA1.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_STA1
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_STA12).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_STA1 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_STA12).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_STA1 ASSIGNING <VTB_STA1>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_STA1>-MANDT = 1.
<VTB_STA1>-PARTNR = 1.
<VTB_STA1>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTB_STA1>-WAERS = 1.
<VTB_STA1>-RANTYP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_STA1 INTO WA_VTB_STA1.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_STA1-SANLF, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_STA1-SGSART, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_STA1-SFHAART, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_STA1-SSIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_STA1-ZAHLVID, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_STA1-DCRDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_STA1 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_STA1 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_STA1 INTO WA_VTB_STA1.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_STA1-PARTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_STA1-PARTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_STA1_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PARTNR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
SANLF TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
ZAHLVID TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
CRUSER TYPE STRING,
DUPDAT TYPE STRING,
TUPTIM TYPE STRING,
UPUSER TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_STA1_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-PARTNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-RANTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-SANLF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-ZAHLVID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-DUPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-TUPTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_STA1_STR-UPUSER sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.