ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_S_KON into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_S_KON table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_S_KON. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_S_KON table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_S_KON TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_S_KON,
      WA_VTB_S_KON TYPE VTB_S_KON,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_S_KON> TYPE VTB_S_KON.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_S_KON.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_S_KON
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_S_KON.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_S_KON
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_S_KON2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_S_KON INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_S_KON2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_S_KON ASSIGNING <VTB_S_KON>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_S_KON>-BUKRS = 1.
<VTB_S_KON>-RFHA = 1.
<VTB_S_KON>-RFHAZU = 1.
<VTB_S_KON>-RKONDGR = 1.
<VTB_S_KON>-RKOND = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_S_KON INTO WA_VTB_S_KON.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_S_KON-DGUEL_KP, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_S_KON-NSTUFE, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_S_KON-SKOART, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_S_KON-PKOND, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_S_KON-BKOND, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_S_KON-SZBMETH, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_S_KON you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_S_KON TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_S_KON INTO WA_VTB_S_KON.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_S_KON-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_S_KON-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_S_KON_STR, 
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
RFHAZU TYPE STRING,
RKONDGR TYPE STRING,
RKOND TYPE STRING,
DGUEL_KP TYPE STRING,
NSTUFE TYPE STRING,
SKOART TYPE STRING,
PKOND TYPE STRING,
BKOND TYPE STRING,
SZBMETH TYPE STRING,
SVARNAME TYPE STRING,
SFORMREF TYPE STRING,
SZSREF TYPE STRING,
DFAELL TYPE STRING,
DBLFZ TYPE STRING,
DELFZ TYPE STRING,
DVALUT TYPE STRING,
AMMRHY TYPE STRING,
SERBTERM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_S_KON_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-RFHAZU sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-RKONDGR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-RKOND sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-DGUEL_KP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-NSTUFE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SKOART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-PKOND sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-BKOND sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SZBMETH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SVARNAME sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SFORMREF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SZSREF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-DFAELL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-DBLFZ sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-DELFZ sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-DVALUT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-AMMRHY sy-vline 
WA_VTB_S_KON_STR-SERBTERM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.