ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_DFPRT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_DFPRT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_DFPRT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_DFPRT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_DFPRT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_DFPRT,
      WA_VTB_DFPRT TYPE VTB_DFPRT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_DFPRT> TYPE VTB_DFPRT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_DFPRT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_DFPRT
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_DFPRT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_DFPRT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_DFPRT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_DFPRT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_DFPRT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_DFPRT ASSIGNING <VTB_DFPRT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_DFPRT>-MANDT = 1.
<VTB_DFPRT>-BNAME = 1.
<VTB_DFPRT>-PDEST = 1.
<VTB_DFPRT>-PRCOP = 1.
<VTB_DFPRT>-PLIST = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_DFPRT INTO WA_VTB_DFPRT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_DFPRT-PRTXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_DFPRT-PRIMM, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_DFPRT-PRREL, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_DFPRT-PRNEW, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_DFPRT-PEXPI, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_DFPRT-LINCT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_DFPRT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_DFPRT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_DFPRT INTO WA_VTB_DFPRT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit SPDEV, internal->external for field PDEST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SPDEV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_DFPRT-PDEST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_DFPRT-PDEST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_DFPRT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BNAME TYPE STRING,
PDEST TYPE STRING,
PRCOP TYPE STRING,
PLIST TYPE STRING,
PRTXT TYPE STRING,
PRIMM TYPE STRING,
PRREL TYPE STRING,
PRNEW TYPE STRING,
PEXPI TYPE STRING,
LINCT TYPE STRING,
LINSZ TYPE STRING,
PAART TYPE STRING,
PRBIG TYPE STRING,
PRSAP TYPE STRING,
PRREC TYPE STRING,
PRABT TYPE STRING,
PRBER TYPE STRING,
PRDSN TYPE STRING,
PTYPE TYPE STRING,
ARMOD TYPE STRING,
FOOTL TYPE STRING,
PRCHK TYPE STRING,
RPROTEINST TYPE STRING,
TRDAT TYPE STRING,
LTIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-BNAME sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PDEST sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRCOP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PLIST sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRTXT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRIMM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRREL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRNEW sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PEXPI sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-LINCT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-LINSZ sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PAART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRBIG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRSAP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRREC sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRABT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRBER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRDSN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-ARMOD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-FOOTL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-PRCHK sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-RPROTEINST sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-TRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_DFPRT_STR-LTIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.