ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_CH into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_CH table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_CH. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_CH table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_CH TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_CH,
      WA_VTB_CH TYPE VTB_CH,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_CH> TYPE VTB_CH.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_CH.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_CH
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_CH.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_CH
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_CH2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_CH INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_CH2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CH ASSIGNING <VTB_CH>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_CH>-MANDT = 1.
<VTB_CH>-REFTYP = 1.
<VTB_CH>-REFNR = 1.
<VTB_CH>-STATUS = 1.
<VTB_CH>-CRUSER = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_CH INTO WA_VTB_CH.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_CH-DCRDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CH-TCRTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CH-UPUSER, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CH-DUPDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CH-TUPTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CH-DZTERM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_CH you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_CH TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CH INTO WA_VTB_CH.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CH-REFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CH-REFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CH-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CH-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ISIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CH-ISIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CH-ISIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field XREFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CH-XREFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CH-XREFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_CH_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
REFTYP TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,
CRUSER TYPE STRING,
DCRDAT TYPE STRING,
TCRTIM TYPE STRING,
UPUSER TYPE STRING,
DUPDAT TYPE STRING,
TUPTIM TYPE STRING,
DZTERM TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
EXT_REF_ID TYPE STRING,
CFI_CODE TYPE STRING,
ISIN TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
XKONTRH TYPE STRING,
XREFTYP TYPE STRING,
XREFNR TYPE STRING,
SBEWEBE TYPE STRING,
XSTATUS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_CH_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_CH_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-REFTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-STATUS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-CRUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-DCRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-TCRTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-UPUSER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-DUPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-TUPTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-DZTERM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-EXT_REF_ID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-CFI_CODE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-ISIN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-XKONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-XREFTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-XREFNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-SBEWEBE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CH_STR-XSTATUS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.