ABAP Select data from SAP table VTB_CF into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VTB_CF table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VTB_CF. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VTB_CF table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VTB_CF TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VTB_CF,
      WA_VTB_CF TYPE VTB_CF,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VTB_CF> TYPE VTB_CF.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VTB_CF.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VTB_CF
  INTO TABLE IT_VTB_CF.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VTB_CF
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VTB_CF2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VTB_CF INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VTB_CF2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CF ASSIGNING <VTB_CF>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VTB_CF>-OBJNR = 1.
<VTB_CF>-WZBETR = 1.
<VTB_CF>-BZBETR = 1.
<VTB_CF>-SSIGN = 1.
<VTB_CF>-WBBETR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VTB_CF INTO WA_VTB_CF.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VTB_CF-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CF-RFHA, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CF-NORDER, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CF-RANLD, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CF-RANL, sy-vline,
  WA_VTB_CF-RLDEPO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VTB_CF you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VTB_CF TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VTB_CF INTO WA_VTB_CF.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RFHA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CF-RFHA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CF-RFHA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANLD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CF-RANLD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CF-RANLD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CF-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CF-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KONTRH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CF-KONTRH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CF-KONTRH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RPZAHL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VTB_CF-RPZAHL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VTB_CF-RPZAHL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VTB_CF_STR, 
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
WZBETR TYPE STRING,
BZBETR TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
WBBETR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RFHA TYPE STRING,
NORDER TYPE STRING,
RANLD TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
RLDEPO TYPE STRING,
DZTERM TYPE STRING,
KONTRH TYPE STRING,
HBKID TYPE STRING,
HKTID TYPE STRING,
RPZAHL TYPE STRING,
RPBANK TYPE STRING,
SZART TYPE STRING,
ZLSCH TYPE STRING,
UZAWE TYPE STRING,
SPAYRQ TYPE STRING,
SPRSNG TYPE STRING,
SPRGRD TYPE STRING,
SCSPAY TYPE STRING,
ZWELS TYPE STRING,
PAYGR TYPE STRING,
RANTYP TYPE STRING,
SANLF TYPE STRING,
SGSART TYPE STRING,
SFHAART TYPE STRING,
SFGTYP TYPE STRING,
SFGZUSTT TYPE STRING,
RREFKONT TYPE STRING,
SFHAZBA TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
SBEWEBE TYPE STRING,
SSPRGRD TYPE STRING,
SBFREI TYPE STRING,
SSTORNOBWG TYPE STRING,
RFHAZU TYPE STRING,
KEYDAT TYPE STRING,
KEYTIM TYPE STRING,
KEYNUM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VTB_CF_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VTB_CF_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-WZBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-BZBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-WBBETR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RFHA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-NORDER sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RANLD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RLDEPO sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-DZTERM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-KONTRH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-HBKID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-HKTID sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RPZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RPBANK sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SZART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-ZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-UZAWE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SPAYRQ sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SPRSNG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SPRGRD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SCSPAY sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-ZWELS sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-PAYGR sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RANTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SANLF sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SGSART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SFHAART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SFGTYP sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SFGZUSTT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RREFKONT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SFHAZBA sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SBEWEBE sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SSPRGRD sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SBFREI sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-SSTORNOBWG sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-RFHAZU sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-KEYDAT sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-KEYTIM sy-vline 
WA_VTB_CF_STR-KEYNUM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.