ABAP Select data from SAP table VNKSP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VNKSP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VNKSP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VNKSP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VNKSP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VNKSP,
      WA_VNKSP TYPE VNKSP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VNKSP> TYPE VNKSP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VNKSP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VNKSP
  INTO TABLE IT_VNKSP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VNKSP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VNKSP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VNKSP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VNKSP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VNKSP ASSIGNING <VNKSP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VNKSP>-MANDT = 1.
<VNKSP>-BELNR = 1.
<VNKSP>-POSNR = 1.
<VNKSP>-TARID = 1.
<VNKSP>-LEIID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VNKSP INTO WA_VNKSP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VNKSP-KOSTR, sy-vline,
  WA_VNKSP-LFDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VNKSP-BEGDT, sy-vline,
  WA_VNKSP-ENDDT, sy-vline,
  WA_VNKSP-PSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VNKSP-ABGDT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VNKSP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VNKSP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VNKSP INTO WA_VNKSP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VNKSP-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VNKSP-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TARID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VNKSP-TARID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VNKSP-TARID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEIID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VNKSP-LEIID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VNKSP-LEIID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VNKSP-KOSTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VNKSP-KOSTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field REFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VNKSP-REFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VNKSP-REFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VNKSP_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
TARID TYPE STRING,
LEIID TYPE STRING,
KOSTR TYPE STRING,
LFDNR TYPE STRING,
BEGDT TYPE STRING,
ENDDT TYPE STRING,
PSTAT TYPE STRING,
ABGDT TYPE STRING,
UEBAB TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
STORN TYPE STRING,
STUSR TYPE STRING,
STDAT TYPE STRING,
UPDAT TYPE STRING,
UPUSR TYPE STRING,
VBEGD TYPE STRING,
VENDD TYPE STRING,
VPROZ TYPE STRING,
VPREIS TYPE STRING,
VMENGE TYPE STRING,
VBTRAG TYPE STRING,
KPROZ TYPE STRING,
KBTRAG TYPE STRING,
KPREIS TYPE STRING,
KMENGE TYPE STRING,
REST TYPE STRING,
SEKZ TYPE STRING,
TGRKZ TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
ABLGR TYPE STRING,
REFNR TYPE STRING,
IVFACT TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VNKSP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VNKSP_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-TARID sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-LEIID sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KOSTR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-LFDNR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-BEGDT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-ENDDT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-PSTAT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-ABGDT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-UEBAB sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-STORN sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-STUSR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-STDAT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-UPDAT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-UPUSR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VBEGD sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VENDD sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VPROZ sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VPREIS sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VMENGE sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-VBTRAG sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KPROZ sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KBTRAG sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KPREIS sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KMENGE sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-REST sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-SEKZ sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-TGRKZ sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-ABLGR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-REFNR sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-IVFACT sy-vline 
WA_VNKSP_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.