ABAP Select data from SAP table VMETK into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VMETK table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VMETK. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VMETK table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VMETK TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VMETK,
      WA_VMETK TYPE VMETK,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VMETK> TYPE VMETK.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VMETK.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VMETK
  INTO TABLE IT_VMETK.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VMETK
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VMETK2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VMETK INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VMETK2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VMETK ASSIGNING <VMETK>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VMETK>-MANDT = 1.
<VMETK>-MEINN = 1.
<VMETK>-FOINN = 1.
<VMETK>-METNR = 1.
<VMETK>-TXTKZ = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VMETK INTO WA_VMETK.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VMETK-STCAP, sy-vline,
  WA_VMETK-MZART, sy-vline,
  WA_VMETK-MZEIH, sy-vline,
  WA_VMETK-BMMET, sy-vline,
  WA_VMETK-BMEIN, sy-vline,
  WA_VMETK-ANDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VMETK you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VMETK TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VMETK INTO WA_VMETK.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MZEIH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VMETK-MZEIH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VMETK-MZEIH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BMEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VMETK-BMEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VMETK-BMEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VMETK_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MEINN TYPE STRING,
FOINN TYPE STRING,
METNR TYPE STRING,
TXTKZ TYPE STRING,
STCAP TYPE STRING,
MZART TYPE STRING,
MZEIH TYPE STRING,
BMMET TYPE STRING,
BMEIN TYPE STRING,
ANDAT TYPE STRING,
ANNAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
CPLGR TYPE STRING,
SORTB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VMETK_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VMETK_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-MEINN sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-FOINN sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-METNR sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-TXTKZ sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-STCAP sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-MZART sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-MZEIH sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-BMMET sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-BMEIN sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-ANDAT sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-ANNAM sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-CPLGR sy-vline 
WA_VMETK_STR-SORTB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.