ABAP Select data from SAP table VJHAPO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VJHAPO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VJHAPO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VJHAPO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VJHAPO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VJHAPO,
      WA_VJHAPO TYPE VJHAPO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VJHAPO> TYPE VJHAPO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VJHAPO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VJHAPO
  INTO TABLE IT_VJHAPO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VJHAPO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VJHAPO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VJHAPO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VJHAPO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VJHAPO ASSIGNING <VJHAPO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VJHAPO>-MANDT = 1.
<VJHAPO>-AVM_NR = 1.
<VJHAPO>-POS_NR = 1.
<VJHAPO>-BOOK_OL = 1.
<VJHAPO>-ONLPOS_START = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VJHAPO INTO WA_VJHAPO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VJHAPO-ONLPOS_ENDE, sy-vline,
  WA_VJHAPO-XTEXT_INT, sy-vline,
  WA_VJHAPO-XTEXT_EXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VJHAPO-AENVERS_NR_OL, sy-vline,
  WA_VJHAPO-XTECH_MIN1, sy-vline,
  WA_VJHAPO-XTECH_EE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VJHAPO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VJHAPO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VJHAPO INTO WA_VJHAPO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AVM_NR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VJHAPO-AVM_NR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VJHAPO-AVM_NR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INHK_KFM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VJHAPO-INHK_KFM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VJHAPO-INHK_KFM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field INHK_KLEV1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VJHAPO-INHK_KLEV1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VJHAPO-INHK_KLEV1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VJHAPO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
AVM_NR TYPE STRING,
POS_NR TYPE STRING,
BOOK_OL TYPE STRING,
ONLPOS_START TYPE STRING,
ONLPOS_ENDE TYPE STRING,
XTEXT_INT TYPE STRING,
XTEXT_EXT TYPE STRING,
AENVERS_NR_OL TYPE STRING,
XTECH_MIN1 TYPE STRING,
XTECH_EE TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL0 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL1 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL2 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL3 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL4 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL5 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL6 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL7 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL8 TYPE STRING,
MERKMAL9 TYPE STRING,
INHK_KFM TYPE STRING,
INHK_KLEV1 TYPE STRING,
TIMESLICE TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VJHAPO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-AVM_NR sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-POS_NR sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-BOOK_OL sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-ONLPOS_START sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-ONLPOS_ENDE sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-XTEXT_INT sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-XTEXT_EXT sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-AENVERS_NR_OL sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-XTECH_MIN1 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-XTECH_EE sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL0 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL1 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL2 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL3 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL4 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL5 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL6 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL7 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL8 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-MERKMAL9 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-INHK_KFM sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-INHK_KLEV1 sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-TIMESLICE sy-vline 
WA_VJHAPO_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.