ABAP Select data from SAP table VIOB22 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIOB22 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIOB22. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIOB22 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIOB22 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIOB22,
      WA_VIOB22 TYPE VIOB22,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIOB22> TYPE VIOB22.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIOB22.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIOB22
  INTO TABLE IT_VIOB22.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIOB22
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIOB222).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIOB22 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIOB222).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIOB22 ASSIGNING <VIOB22>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIOB22>-MANDT = 1.
<VIOB22>-SRAUM = 1.
<VIOB22>-SRAUMEXT = 1.
<VIOB22>-XRBEZ = 1.
<VIOB22>-BUKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIOB22 INTO WA_VIOB22.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIOB22-SWENR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIOB22-SGENR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIOB22-SRAART, sy-vline,
  WA_VIOB22-BUBRA, sy-vline,
  WA_VIOB22-BRAUHOE, sy-vline,
  WA_VIOB22-DRENOV, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIOB22 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIOB22 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIOB22 INTO WA_VIOB22.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SRAUMEXT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIOB22-SRAUMEXT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIOB22-SRAUMEXT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIOB22-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIOB22-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SGENR, internal->external for field SGENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SGENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIOB22-SGENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIOB22-SGENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIOB22_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SRAUM TYPE STRING,
SRAUMEXT TYPE STRING,
XRBEZ TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
SGENR TYPE STRING,
SRAART TYPE STRING,
BUBRA TYPE STRING,
BRAUHOE TYPE STRING,
DRENOV TYPE STRING,
JDACHS TYPE STRING,
SRICHT TYPE STRING,
RERF TYPE STRING,
DERF TYPE STRING,
TERF TYPE STRING,
REHER TYPE STRING,
RBEAR TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
TBEAR TYPE STRING,
RBHER TYPE STRING,
JLOESCH TYPE STRING,
BERGRP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIOB22_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIOB22_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SRAUM sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SRAUMEXT sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-XRBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SGENR sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SRAART sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-BUBRA sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-BRAUHOE sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-DRENOV sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-JDACHS sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-SRICHT sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-RERF sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-DERF sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-TERF sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-REHER sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-RBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-TBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-RBHER sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-JLOESCH sy-vline 
WA_VIOB22_STR-BERGRP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.