ABAP Select data from SAP table VIGWFLAT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIGWFLAT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIGWFLAT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIGWFLAT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIGWFLAT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIGWFLAT,
      WA_VIGWFLAT TYPE VIGWFLAT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIGWFLAT> TYPE VIGWFLAT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIGWFLAT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIGWFLAT
  INTO TABLE IT_VIGWFLAT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIGWFLAT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIGWFLAT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIGWFLAT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIGWFLAT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIGWFLAT ASSIGNING <VIGWFLAT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIGWFLAT>-MANDT = 1.
<VIGWFLAT>-INTRENO = 1.
<VIGWFLAT>-DGUELBIS = 1.
<VIGWFLAT>-VERSION = 1.
<VIGWFLAT>-DGUELAB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIGWFLAT INTO WA_VIGWFLAT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIGWFLAT-FLAA, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGWFLAT-DTRAGFKT, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGWFLAT-TFEINHT, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGWFLAT-DRAUMHOE, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGWFLAT-RHEINHT, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGWFLAT-UMBRAUM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIGWFLAT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIGWFLAT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIGWFLAT INTO WA_VIGWFLAT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field TFEINHT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIGWFLAT-TFEINHT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIGWFLAT-TFEINHT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field RHEINHT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIGWFLAT-RHEINHT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIGWFLAT-RHEINHT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field REINHT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIGWFLAT-REINHT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIGWFLAT-REINHT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIGWFLAT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
INTRENO TYPE STRING,
DGUELBIS TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
DGUELAB TYPE STRING,
FLAA TYPE STRING,
DTRAGFKT TYPE STRING,
TFEINHT TYPE STRING,
DRAUMHOE TYPE STRING,
RHEINHT TYPE STRING,
UMBRAUM TYPE STRING,
REINHT TYPE STRING,
RAAA TYPE STRING,
HCOUNT_P TYPE STRING,
HCOUNT_I TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIGWFLAT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-INTRENO sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-DGUELBIS sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-DGUELAB sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-FLAA sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-DTRAGFKT sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-TFEINHT sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-DRAUMHOE sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-RHEINHT sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-UMBRAUM sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-REINHT sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-RAAA sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-HCOUNT_P sy-vline 
WA_VIGWFLAT_STR-HCOUNT_I sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.