ABAP Select data from SAP table VIGA3 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIGA3 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIGA3. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIGA3 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIGA3 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIGA3,
      WA_VIGA3 TYPE VIGA3,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIGA3> TYPE VIGA3.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIGA3.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIGA3
  INTO TABLE IT_VIGA3.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIGA3
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIGA32).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIGA3 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIGA32).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIGA3 ASSIGNING <VIGA3>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIGA3>-MANDT = 1.
<VIGA3>-SGRUNDB = 1.
<VIGA3>-SNRA3 = 1.
<VIGA3>-SLFDA3 = 1.
<VIGA3>-RANG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIGA3 INTO WA_VIGA3.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIGA3-VOR_SNRA3, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGA3-ZU_SNRA3, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGA3-DATE_ROETUNG, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGA3-DATBEWILL, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGA3-DATEINTRAG, sy-vline,
  WA_VIGA3-BEARBNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIGA3 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIGA3 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIGA3 INTO WA_VIGA3.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GLAUB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIGA3-GLAUB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIGA3-GLAUB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BERECHT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIGA3-BERECHT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIGA3-BERECHT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIGA3_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SGRUNDB TYPE STRING,
SNRA3 TYPE STRING,
SLFDA3 TYPE STRING,
RANG TYPE STRING,
VOR_SNRA3 TYPE STRING,
ZU_SNRA3 TYPE STRING,
DATE_ROETUNG TYPE STRING,
DATBEWILL TYPE STRING,
DATEINTRAG TYPE STRING,
BEARBNR TYPE STRING,
BELASTUNG TYPE STRING,
GLAUB TYPE STRING,
BERECHT TYPE STRING,
ZINS TYPE STRING,
GSBRIEF TYPE STRING,
KAPWERT TYPE STRING,
WAEHR TYPE STRING,
MITHAFT TYPE STRING,
MITHAFT_KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIGA3_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIGA3_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-SGRUNDB sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-SNRA3 sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-SLFDA3 sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-RANG sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-VOR_SNRA3 sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-ZU_SNRA3 sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-DATE_ROETUNG sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-DATBEWILL sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-DATEINTRAG sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-BEARBNR sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-BELASTUNG sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-GLAUB sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-BERECHT sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-ZINS sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-GSBRIEF sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-KAPWERT sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-WAEHR sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-MITHAFT sy-vline 
WA_VIGA3_STR-MITHAFT_KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.