ABAP Select data from SAP table VIEWOBJ into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIEWOBJ table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIEWOBJ. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIEWOBJ table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIEWOBJ TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIEWOBJ,
      WA_VIEWOBJ TYPE VIEWOBJ,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIEWOBJ> TYPE VIEWOBJ.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIEWOBJ.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIEWOBJ
  INTO TABLE IT_VIEWOBJ.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIEWOBJ
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIEWOBJ2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIEWOBJ INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIEWOBJ2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIEWOBJ ASSIGNING <VIEWOBJ>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIEWOBJ>-MANDT = 1.
<VIEWOBJ>-OBJNR = 1.
<VIEWOBJ>-OBKNR = 1.
<VIEWOBJ>-OBZAE = 1.
<VIEWOBJ>-MATNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIEWOBJ INTO WA_VIEWOBJ.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIEWOBJ-ADRNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEWOBJ-SDAUFNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEWOBJ-POSNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEWOBJ-KUNDE, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEWOBJ-VKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEWOBJ-AUDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIEWOBJ you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIEWOBJ TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIEWOBJ INTO WA_VIEWOBJ.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field OBJNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-OBJNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-OBJNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ADRNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-ADRNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-ADRNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SDAUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-SDAUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-SDAUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNDE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-KUNDE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-KUNDE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AUART, internal->external for field AUART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AUART_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-AUART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-AUART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PARVW, internal->external for field PARVW
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PARVW_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-PARVW
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-PARVW.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEWOBJ-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEWOBJ-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIEWOBJ_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
OBKNR TYPE STRING,
OBZAE TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
ADRNR TYPE STRING,
SDAUFNR TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
KUNDE TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
AUDAT TYPE STRING,
VKBUR TYPE STRING,
VKGRP TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
SPART TYPE STRING,
AUART TYPE STRING,
BSTNK TYPE STRING,
PARVW TYPE STRING,
TRVOG TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIEWOBJ_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-OBKNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-OBZAE sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-ADRNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-SDAUFNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-KUNDE sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-AUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-VKBUR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-VKGRP sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-SPART sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-AUART sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-BSTNK sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-PARVW sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-TRVOG sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_VIEWOBJ_STR-DATBI sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.