ABAP Select data from SAP table VIEPOS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIEPOS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIEPOS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIEPOS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIEPOS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIEPOS,
      WA_VIEPOS TYPE VIEPOS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIEPOS> TYPE VIEPOS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIEPOS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIEPOS
  INTO TABLE IT_VIEPOS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIEPOS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIEPOS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIEPOS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIEPOS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIEPOS ASSIGNING <VIEPOS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIEPOS>-MANDT = 1.
<VIEPOS>-SBERI = 1.
<VIEPOS>-BUKRS = 1.
<VIEPOS>-SINVO = 1.
<VIEPOS>-GJAHR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIEPOS INTO WA_VIEPOS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIEPOS-NBUZEI, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEPOS-BELNR_REF, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEPOS-GJAHR_REF, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEPOS-BUZEI_REF, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEPOS-MWSKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VIEPOS-BAKHK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIEPOS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIEPOS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIEPOS INTO WA_VIEPOS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SBERI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-SBERI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-SBERI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SINVO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-SINVO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-SINVO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR_REF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-BELNR_REF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-BELNR_REF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR_REF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-GJAHR_REF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-GJAHR_REF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STBLG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-STBLG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-STBLG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field STJAH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIEPOS-STJAH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIEPOS-STJAH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIEPOS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SBERI TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SINVO TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
NBUZEI TYPE STRING,
BELNR_REF TYPE STRING,
GJAHR_REF TYPE STRING,
BUZEI_REF TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
BAKHK TYPE STRING,
BMWST TYPE STRING,
BABVS TYPE STRING,
BNAVS TYPE STRING,
BYVVS TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
BSBVS TYPE STRING,
JSRCH TYPE STRING,
STBLG TYPE STRING,
STJAH TYPE STRING,
STFLG TYPE STRING,
STOKZ TYPE STRING,
JALTD TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
POPTSATZ TYPE STRING,
PVSTB TYPE STRING,
JVSOP TYPE STRING,
JABG TYPE STRING,
MWSKZAG TYPE STRING,
JKUMB TYPE STRING,
JSBUCH TYPE STRING,
DGPLAB TYPE STRING,
JRBUCH TYPE STRING,
JABUCH TYPE STRING,
TXJCD TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIEPOS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIEPOS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-SBERI sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-SINVO sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-NBUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BELNR_REF sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-GJAHR_REF sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BUZEI_REF sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BAKHK sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BMWST sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BABVS sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BNAVS sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BYVVS sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BSBVS sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JSRCH sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-STBLG sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-STJAH sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-STFLG sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-STOKZ sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JALTD sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-POPTSATZ sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-PVSTB sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JVSOP sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JABG sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-MWSKZAG sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JKUMB sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JSBUCH sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-DGPLAB sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JRBUCH sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-JABUCH sy-vline 
WA_VIEPOS_STR-TXJCD sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.