ABAP Select data from SAP table VIAKHOPO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIAKHOPO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIAKHOPO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIAKHOPO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIAKHOPO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIAKHOPO,
      WA_VIAKHOPO TYPE VIAKHOPO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIAKHOPO> TYPE VIAKHOPO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIAKHOPO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIAKHOPO
  INTO TABLE IT_VIAKHOPO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIAKHOPO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIAKHOPO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIAKHOPO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIAKHOPO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOPO ASSIGNING <VIAKHOPO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIAKHOPO>-MANDT = 1.
<VIAKHOPO>-BUKRS = 1.
<VIAKHOPO>-MANDAT = 1.
<VIAKHOPO>-SAKNR = 1.
<VIAKHOPO>-POS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOPO INTO WA_VIAKHOPO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIAKHOPO-DVONPER, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOPO-DBISPER, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOPO-TABIX, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOPO-SWENR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOPO-SMENR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOPO-RECNNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIAKHOPO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIAKHOPO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOPO INTO WA_VIAKHOPO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field MANDAT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKHOPO-MANDAT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKHOPO-MANDAT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SAKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKHOPO-SAKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKHOPO-SAKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKHOPO-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKHOPO-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SMENR, internal->external for field SMENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SMENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKHOPO-SMENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKHOPO-SMENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RECNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKHOPO-RECNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKHOPO-RECNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIAKHOPO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
MANDAT TYPE STRING,
SAKNR TYPE STRING,
POS TYPE STRING,
DVONPER TYPE STRING,
DBISPER TYPE STRING,
TABIX TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
SMENR TYPE STRING,
RECNNR TYPE STRING,
DTDAB TYPE STRING,
DTDBIS TYPE STRING,
BUMLGR TYPE STRING,
BEZGR TYPE STRING,
HOBTRG TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
SABRG TYPE STRING,
XEINHEIT TYPE STRING,
VVABBLN TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIAKHOPO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-MANDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-SAKNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-POS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-DVONPER sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-DBISPER sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-SMENR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-RECNNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-DTDAB sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-DTDBIS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-BUMLGR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-BEZGR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-HOBTRG sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-SABRG sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-XEINHEIT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOPO_STR-VVABBLN sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.