ABAP Select data from SAP table VIAKHOBD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIAKHOBD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIAKHOBD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIAKHOBD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIAKHOBD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIAKHOBD,
      WA_VIAKHOBD TYPE VIAKHOBD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIAKHOBD> TYPE VIAKHOBD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIAKHOBD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIAKHOBD
  INTO TABLE IT_VIAKHOBD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIAKHOBD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIAKHOBD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIAKHOBD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIAKHOBD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOBD ASSIGNING <VIAKHOBD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIAKHOBD>-MANDT = 1.
<VIAKHOBD>-DBANDID = 1.
<VIAKHOBD>-DLFDNR = 1.
<VIAKHOBD>-REC_TYP = 1.
<VIAKHOBD>-ABRKDNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOBD INTO WA_VIAKHOBD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIAKHOBD-RZNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOBD-A1KONST, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOBD-STECHEM, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOBD-ABRLTAG, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOBD-ABNNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKHOBD-ABRGKOST, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIAKHOBD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIAKHOBD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIAKHOBD INTO WA_VIAKHOBD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIAKHOBD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DBANDID TYPE STRING,
DLFDNR TYPE STRING,
REC_TYP TYPE STRING,
ABRKDNR TYPE STRING,
RZNR TYPE STRING,
A1KONST TYPE STRING,
STECHEM TYPE STRING,
ABRLTAG TYPE STRING,
ABNNR TYPE STRING,
ABRGKOST TYPE STRING,
ABRGZAHL TYPE STRING,
ABRSALDO TYPE STRING,
ABRABN TYPE STRING,
ABRSTTAG TYPE STRING,
ABRUMLWBTR TYPE STRING,
ABRWAERS TYPE STRING,
ABRNZAHL TYPE STRING,
ABRMWSTBTR TYPE STRING,
DABRECH TYPE STRING,
VVABBLN TYPE STRING,
DSTORNO TYPE STRING,
SHEIZZ TYPE STRING,
INTRENOME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIAKHOBD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-DBANDID sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-DLFDNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-REC_TYP sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRKDNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-RZNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-A1KONST sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-STECHEM sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRLTAG sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABNNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRGKOST sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRGZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRSALDO sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRABN sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRSTTAG sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRUMLWBTR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRWAERS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRNZAHL sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-ABRMWSTBTR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-DABRECH sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-VVABBLN sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-DSTORNO sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-SHEIZZ sy-vline 
WA_VIAKHOBD_STR-INTRENOME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.