ABAP Select data from SAP table VIAKBKPF into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIAKBKPF table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIAKBKPF. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIAKBKPF table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIAKBKPF TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIAKBKPF,
      WA_VIAKBKPF TYPE VIAKBKPF,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIAKBKPF> TYPE VIAKBKPF.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIAKBKPF.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIAKBKPF
  INTO TABLE IT_VIAKBKPF.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIAKBKPF
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIAKBKPF2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIAKBKPF INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIAKBKPF2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIAKBKPF ASSIGNING <VIAKBKPF>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIAKBKPF>-MANDTT = 1.
<VIAKBKPF>-VVABBLN = 1.
<VIAKBKPF>-BELEG = 1.
<VIAKBKPF>-JPOSTED = 1.
<VIAKBKPF>-MANDT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIAKBKPF INTO WA_VIAKBKPF.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIAKBKPF-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKBKPF-BELNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKBKPF-MONAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKBKPF-TCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKBKPF-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAKBKPF-KURSF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIAKBKPF you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIAKBKPF TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIAKBKPF INTO WA_VIAKBKPF.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELEG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKBKPF-BELEG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKBKPF-BELEG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKBKPF-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKBKPF-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field KURSF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKBKPF-KURSF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKBKPF-KURSF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKBKPF-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKBKPF-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PROPMANO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAKBKPF-PROPMANO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAKBKPF-PROPMANO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIAKBKPF_STR, 
MANDTT TYPE STRING,
VVABBLN TYPE STRING,
BELEG TYPE STRING,
JPOSTED TYPE STRING,
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
MONAT TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
KURSF TYPE STRING,
WWERT TYPE STRING,
XBLNR TYPE STRING,
USNAM TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BLART TYPE STRING,
BKTXT TYPE STRING,
DBKEY TYPE STRING,
RE_STGRD TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
PROPMANO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIAKBKPF_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-MANDTT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-VVABBLN sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BELEG sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-JPOSTED sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-MONAT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-KURSF sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-WWERT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-XBLNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-USNAM sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BLART sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-BKTXT sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-DBKEY sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-RE_STGRD sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VIAKBKPF_STR-PROPMANO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.