ABAP Select data from SAP table VIAK19 into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VIAK19 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VIAK19. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VIAK19 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VIAK19 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VIAK19,
      WA_VIAK19 TYPE VIAK19,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VIAK19> TYPE VIAK19.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VIAK19.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VIAK19
  INTO TABLE IT_VIAK19.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VIAK19
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VIAK192).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VIAK19 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VIAK192).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VIAK19 ASSIGNING <VIAK19>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VIAK19>-MANDT = 1.
<VIAK19>-KOKRS = 1.
<VIAK19>-BELNR = 1.
<VIAK19>-BUZEI = 1.
<VIAK19>-FI_BUKRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VIAK19 INTO WA_VIAK19.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VIAK19-FI_BELNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK19-FI_BUZEI, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK19-FI_GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK19-OBJNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK19-INTRENO, sy-vline,
  WA_VIAK19-BUKRS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VIAK19 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VIAK19 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VIAK19 INTO WA_VIAK19.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field FI_BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-FI_BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-FI_BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FI_GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-FI_GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-FI_GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit SWENR, internal->external for field SWENR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_SWENR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-SWENR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-SWENR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SNKSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-SNKSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-SNKSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SEMPSL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VIAK19-SEMPSL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VIAK19-SEMPSL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VIAK19_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KOKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
FI_BUKRS TYPE STRING,
FI_BELNR TYPE STRING,
FI_BUZEI TYPE STRING,
FI_GJAHR TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
INTRENO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
SWENR TYPE STRING,
SNKSL TYPE STRING,
SEMPSL TYPE STRING,
SNKS TYPE STRING,
DVONPER TYPE STRING,
DBISPER TYPE STRING,
VVABBLN TYPE STRING,
SBEWART TYPE STRING,
DTDAB TYPE STRING,
DTDBIS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VIAK19_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VIAK19_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-KOKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-FI_BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-FI_BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-FI_BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-FI_GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-INTRENO sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-SWENR sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-SNKSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-SEMPSL sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-SNKS sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-DVONPER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-DBISPER sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-VVABBLN sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-SBEWART sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-DTDAB sy-vline 
WA_VIAK19_STR-DTDBIS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.