ABAP Select data from SAP table VHSMT_MD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VHSMT_MD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VHSMT_MD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VHSMT_MD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VHSMT_MD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VHSMT_MD,
      WA_VHSMT_MD TYPE VHSMT_MD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VHSMT_MD> TYPE VHSMT_MD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VHSMT_MD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VHSMT_MD
  INTO TABLE IT_VHSMT_MD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VHSMT_MD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VHSMT_MD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VHSMT_MD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VHSMT_MD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VHSMT_MD ASSIGNING <VHSMT_MD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VHSMT_MD>-MANDT = 1.
<VHSMT_MD>-RECN = 1.
<VHSMT_MD>-ACTN = 1.
<VHSMT_MD>-VALFR = 1.
<VHSMT_MD>-VALTO = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VHSMT_MD INTO WA_VHSMT_MD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VHSMT_MD-AENNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VHSMT_MD-DELFLG, sy-vline,
  WA_VHSMT_MD-PARKFLG, sy-vline,
  WA_VHSMT_MD-CRDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VHSMT_MD-CRNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_VHSMT_MD-UPDDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VHSMT_MD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VHSMT_MD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VHSMT_MD INTO WA_VHSMT_MD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ACTN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VHSMT_MD-ACTN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VHSMT_MD-ACTN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AENNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VHSMT_MD-AENNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VHSMT_MD-AENNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field OWNID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VHSMT_MD-OWNID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VHSMT_MD-OWNID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EHSMA, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EHSMA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VHSMT_MD-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VHSMT_MD-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VHSMT_MD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RECN TYPE STRING,
ACTN TYPE STRING,
VALFR TYPE STRING,
VALTO TYPE STRING,
AENNR TYPE STRING,
DELFLG TYPE STRING,
PARKFLG TYPE STRING,
CRDAT TYPE STRING,
CRNAM TYPE STRING,
UPDDAT TYPE STRING,
UPDNAM TYPE STRING,
SRSID TYPE STRING,
OWNID TYPE STRING,
RECNROOT TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
COUNTRY TYPE STRING,
REGION TYPE STRING,
STOKEY1 TYPE STRING,
STOKEY2 TYPE STRING,
WPC TYPE STRING,
STWA TYPE STRING,
STMA TYPE STRING,
VBF TYPE STRING,
NAME TYPE STRING,
DESCR TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VHSMT_MD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-RECN sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-ACTN sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-VALFR sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-VALTO sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-AENNR sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-DELFLG sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-PARKFLG sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-CRDAT sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-CRNAM sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-UPDDAT sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-UPDNAM sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-SRSID sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-OWNID sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-RECNROOT sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-COUNTRY sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-REGION sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-STOKEY1 sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-STOKEY2 sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-WPC sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-STWA sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-STMA sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-VBF sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-NAME sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-DESCR sy-vline 
WA_VHSMT_MD_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.