ABAP Select data from SAP table VGRADR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VGRADR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VGRADR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VGRADR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VGRADR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VGRADR,
      WA_VGRADR TYPE VGRADR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VGRADR> TYPE VGRADR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VGRADR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VGRADR
  INTO TABLE IT_VGRADR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VGRADR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VGRADR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VGRADR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VGRADR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VGRADR ASSIGNING <VGRADR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VGRADR>-MANDT = 1.
<VGRADR>-OBJNR = 1.
<VGRADR>-OBTYP = 1.
<VGRADR>-ADRNR = 1.
<VGRADR>-NAME3 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VGRADR INTO WA_VGRADR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VGRADR-NAME4, sy-vline,
  WA_VGRADR-ADRZUS, sy-vline,
  WA_VGRADR-PSTL2, sy-vline,
  WA_VGRADR-PFACH, sy-vline,
  WA_VGRADR-LAND1, sy-vline,
  WA_VGRADR-PSTLZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VGRADR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VGRADR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VGRADR INTO WA_VGRADR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ADDRESS_ID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VGRADR-ADDRESS_ID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VGRADR-ADDRESS_ID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VGRADR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
OBTYP TYPE STRING,
ADRNR TYPE STRING,
NAME3 TYPE STRING,
NAME4 TYPE STRING,
ADRZUS TYPE STRING,
PSTL2 TYPE STRING,
PFACH TYPE STRING,
LAND1 TYPE STRING,
PSTLZ TYPE STRING,
ORT01 TYPE STRING,
ORT02 TYPE STRING,
PSTBZ TYPE STRING,
STRAS TYPE STRING,
STRA1 TYPE STRING,
REGIO TYPE STRING,
ADDRESS_ID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VGRADR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VGRADR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-OBTYP sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-ADRNR sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-NAME3 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-NAME4 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-ADRZUS sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-PSTL2 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-PFACH sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-LAND1 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-PSTLZ sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-ORT01 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-ORT02 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-PSTBZ sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-STRAS sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-STRA1 sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-REGIO sy-vline 
WA_VGRADR_STR-ADDRESS_ID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.