ABAP Select data from SAP table VFCLMDCHARAI into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VFCLMDCHARAI table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VFCLMDCHARAI. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VFCLMDCHARAI table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VFCLMDCHARAI TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VFCLMDCHARAI,
      WA_VFCLMDCHARAI TYPE VFCLMDCHARAI,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VFCLMDCHARAI> TYPE VFCLMDCHARAI.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VFCLMDCHARAI.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VFCLMDCHARAI
  INTO TABLE IT_VFCLMDCHARAI.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VFCLMDCHARAI
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VFCLMDCHARAI2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VFCLMDCHARAI INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VFCLMDCHARAI2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VFCLMDCHARAI ASSIGNING <VFCLMDCHARAI>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VFCLMDCHARAI>-MANDT = 1.
<VFCLMDCHARAI>-OBJEK = 1.
<VFCLMDCHARAI>-ATINN = 1.
<VFCLMDCHARAI>-ATZHL = 1.
<VFCLMDCHARAI>-DOKAR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VFCLMDCHARAI INTO WA_VFCLMDCHARAI.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-DOKNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-DOKVR, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-DOKTL, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-ATNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-MAFID, sy-vline,
  WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-KLART, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VFCLMDCHARAI you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VFCLMDCHARAI TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VFCLMDCHARAI INTO WA_VFCLMDCHARAI.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ATINN, internal->external for field ATINN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ATINN_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-ATINN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VFCLMDCHARAI-ATINN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
OBJEK TYPE STRING,
ATINN TYPE STRING,
ATZHL TYPE STRING,
DOKAR TYPE STRING,
DOKNR TYPE STRING,
DOKVR TYPE STRING,
DOKTL TYPE STRING,
ATNAM TYPE STRING,
MAFID TYPE STRING,
KLART TYPE STRING,
ADZHL TYPE STRING,
ATWRT TYPE STRING,
ATFLV TYPE STRING,
ATFLB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-OBJEK sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATINN sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATZHL sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-DOKAR sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-DOKNR sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-DOKVR sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-DOKTL sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATNAM sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-MAFID sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-KLART sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ADZHL sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATWRT sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATFLV sy-vline 
WA_VFCLMDCHARAI_STR-ATFLB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.