ABAP Select data from SAP table VESCHS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VESCHS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VESCHS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VESCHS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VESCHS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VESCHS,
      WA_VESCHS TYPE VESCHS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VESCHS> TYPE VESCHS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VESCHS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VESCHS
  INTO TABLE IT_VESCHS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VESCHS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VESCHS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VESCHS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VESCHS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VESCHS ASSIGNING <VESCHS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VESCHS>-MANDT = 1.
<VESCHS>-SCHEMANR = 1.
<VESCHS>-SNO = 1.
<VESCHS>-LRATESTEP = 1.
<VESCHS>-TARIFNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VESCHS INTO WA_VESCHS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VESCHS-STEPINACT, sy-vline,
  WA_VESCHS-BUCHREL, sy-vline,
  WA_VESCHS-BETRSTREL, sy-vline,
  WA_VESCHS-MENGESTREL, sy-vline,
  WA_VESCHS-STGRAMT, sy-vline,
  WA_VESCHS-STGRQNT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VESCHS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VESCHS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VESCHS INTO WA_VESCHS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VESCHS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SCHEMANR TYPE STRING,
SNO TYPE STRING,
LRATESTEP TYPE STRING,
TARIFNR TYPE STRING,
STEPINACT TYPE STRING,
BUCHREL TYPE STRING,
BETRSTREL TYPE STRING,
MENGESTREL TYPE STRING,
STGRAMT TYPE STRING,
STGRQNT TYPE STRING,
ERCHV_BW_REL TYPE STRING,
DISCON_FREE TYPE STRING,
PREISZUS TYPE STRING,
GROSSGROUP TYPE STRING,
GROSSPRICE TYPE STRING,
BRUTTOZEILE TYPE STRING,
TAXGROUP TYPE STRING,
LINE_CLASS TYPE STRING,
LINESORT1 TYPE STRING,
LINESORT2 TYPE STRING,
LINESORT3 TYPE STRING,
LINESORT4 TYPE STRING,
LINESORT5 TYPE STRING,
BACKSTART TYPE STRING,
BACKONLY TYPE STRING,
BACKEXEC01 TYPE STRING,
BACKEXEC02 TYPE STRING,
BACKEXEC03 TYPE STRING,
BACKEXEC04 TYPE STRING,
BACKEXEC05 TYPE STRING,
BACKCANC01 TYPE STRING,
BACKCANC02 TYPE STRING,
BACKCANC03 TYPE STRING,
BACKCANC04 TYPE STRING,
BACKCANC05 TYPE STRING,
DYNSTART TYPE STRING,
DYNEXEC01 TYPE STRING,
DYNEXEC02 TYPE STRING,
DYNEXEC03 TYPE STRING,
DYNEXEC04 TYPE STRING,
DYNEXEC05 TYPE STRING,
DYNCANC01 TYPE STRING,
DYNCANC02 TYPE STRING,
DYNCANC03 TYPE STRING,
DYNCANC04 TYPE STRING,
DYNCANC05 TYPE STRING,
TIMESLICEGEN TYPE STRING,
BBINFOLINES TYPE STRING,
DELOPERAND TYPE STRING,
ADVCONTROL TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VESCHS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VESCHS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-SCHEMANR sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-SNO sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LRATESTEP sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-TARIFNR sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-STEPINACT sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BUCHREL sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BETRSTREL sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-MENGESTREL sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-STGRAMT sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-STGRQNT sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-ERCHV_BW_REL sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DISCON_FREE sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-PREISZUS sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-GROSSGROUP sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-GROSSPRICE sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BRUTTOZEILE sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-TAXGROUP sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINE_CLASS sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINESORT1 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINESORT2 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINESORT3 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINESORT4 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-LINESORT5 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKSTART sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKONLY sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKEXEC01 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKEXEC02 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKEXEC03 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKEXEC04 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKEXEC05 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKCANC01 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKCANC02 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKCANC03 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKCANC04 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BACKCANC05 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNSTART sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNEXEC01 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNEXEC02 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNEXEC03 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNEXEC04 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNEXEC05 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNCANC01 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNCANC02 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNCANC03 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNCANC04 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DYNCANC05 sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-TIMESLICEGEN sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-BBINFOLINES sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-DELOPERAND sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-ADVCONTROL sy-vline 
WA_VESCHS_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.