ABAP Select data from SAP table VEKAC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VEKAC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VEKAC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VEKAC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VEKAC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VEKAC,
      WA_VEKAC TYPE VEKAC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VEKAC> TYPE VEKAC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VEKAC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VEKAC
  INTO TABLE IT_VEKAC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VEKAC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VEKAC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VEKAC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VEKAC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VEKAC ASSIGNING <VEKAC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VEKAC>-MANDT = 1.
<VEKAC>-NUMMBUKRS = 1.
<VEKAC>-DATUMJAHR = 1.
<VEKAC>-DATUMMONA = 1.
<VEKAC>-ARRIVDEPA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VEKAC INTO WA_VEKAC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VEKAC-LAUFNRBSA, sy-vline,
  WA_VEKAC-POSINUMME, sy-vline,
  WA_VEKAC-FIRMNUMME, sy-vline,
  WA_VEKAC-STATWAREN, sy-vline,
  WA_VEKAC-GRENZWERT, sy-vline,
  WA_VEKAC-WARENBEZE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VEKAC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VEKAC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VEKAC INTO WA_VEKAC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field DATUMJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-DATUMJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-DATUMJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELEGNUMR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-BELEGNUMR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-BELEGNUMR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field EIGENMAEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-EIGENMAEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-EIGENMAEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BESONMAEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-BESONMAEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-BESONMAEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field IREFBELEG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-IREFBELEG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-IREFBELEG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field IREFEJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VEKAC-IREFEJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VEKAC-IREFEJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VEKAC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
NUMMBUKRS TYPE STRING,
DATUMJAHR TYPE STRING,
DATUMMONA TYPE STRING,
ARRIVDEPA TYPE STRING,
LAUFNRBSA TYPE STRING,
POSINUMME TYPE STRING,
FIRMNUMME TYPE STRING,
STATWAREN TYPE STRING,
GRENZWERT TYPE STRING,
WARENBEZE TYPE STRING,
URSPRSLND TYPE STRING,
URSPRSREG TYPE STRING,
EIGENMASS TYPE STRING,
BESONMASS TYPE STRING,
RECHNWERT TYPE STRING,
VERKAUFOR TYPE STRING,
BELEGNUMR TYPE STRING,
HAUPTPOSI TYPE STRING,
NUMMWERKS TYPE STRING,
WERKSLAND TYPE STRING,
RECHNWEAK TYPE STRING,
RECHNWEEH TYPE STRING,
GRENZWEAK TYPE STRING,
GRENZWEEH TYPE STRING,
EIGENMAAK TYPE STRING,
EIGENMAEH TYPE STRING,
BESONMAAK TYPE STRING,
BESONMAEH TYPE STRING,
IREFBELEG TYPE STRING,
IREFPOSIT TYPE STRING,
IREFMONAT TYPE STRING,
IREFEJAHR TYPE STRING,
BELEGIDEN TYPE STRING,
ORDPA TYPE STRING,
THIERISCH TYPE STRING,
ISESSIONE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VEKAC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VEKAC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-NUMMBUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-DATUMJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-DATUMMONA sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-ARRIVDEPA sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-LAUFNRBSA sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-POSINUMME sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-FIRMNUMME sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-STATWAREN sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-GRENZWERT sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-WARENBEZE sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-URSPRSLND sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-URSPRSREG sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-EIGENMASS sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-BESONMASS sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-RECHNWERT sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-VERKAUFOR sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-BELEGNUMR sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-HAUPTPOSI sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-NUMMWERKS sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-WERKSLAND sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-RECHNWEAK sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-RECHNWEEH sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-GRENZWEAK sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-GRENZWEEH sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-EIGENMAAK sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-EIGENMAEH sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-BESONMAAK sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-BESONMAEH sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-IREFBELEG sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-IREFPOSIT sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-IREFMONAT sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-IREFEJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-BELEGIDEN sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-ORDPA sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-THIERISCH sy-vline 
WA_VEKAC_STR-ISESSIONE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.