ABAP Select data from SAP table VDSCRPOS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDSCRPOS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDSCRPOS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDSCRPOS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDSCRPOS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDSCRPOS,
      WA_VDSCRPOS TYPE VDSCRPOS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDSCRPOS> TYPE VDSCRPOS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDSCRPOS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDSCRPOS
  INTO TABLE IT_VDSCRPOS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDSCRPOS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDSCRPOS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDSCRPOS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDSCRPOS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDSCRPOS ASSIGNING <VDSCRPOS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDSCRPOS>-DBUDAT = 1.
<VDSCRPOS>-DFAELL = 1.
<VDSCRPOS>-DDISPO = 1.
<VDSCRPOS>-EXTBEWART1 = 1.
<VDSCRPOS>-VAL1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDSCRPOS INTO WA_VDSCRPOS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDSCRPOS-KNZ1, sy-vline,
  WA_VDSCRPOS-CURR1, sy-vline,
  WA_VDSCRPOS-EXTBEWTXT1, sy-vline,
  WA_VDSCRPOS-EXTBEWART2, sy-vline,
  WA_VDSCRPOS-VAL2, sy-vline,
  WA_VDSCRPOS-KNZ2, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDSCRPOS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDSCRPOS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDSCRPOS INTO WA_VDSCRPOS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDSCRPOS_STR, 
DBUDAT TYPE STRING,
DFAELL TYPE STRING,
DDISPO TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART1 TYPE STRING,
VAL1 TYPE STRING,
KNZ1 TYPE STRING,
CURR1 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT1 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART2 TYPE STRING,
VAL2 TYPE STRING,
KNZ2 TYPE STRING,
CURR2 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT2 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART3 TYPE STRING,
VAL3 TYPE STRING,
KNZ3 TYPE STRING,
CURR3 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT3 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART4 TYPE STRING,
VAL4 TYPE STRING,
KNZ4 TYPE STRING,
CURR4 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT4 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART5 TYPE STRING,
VAL5 TYPE STRING,
KNZ5 TYPE STRING,
CURR5 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT5 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWART6 TYPE STRING,
VAL6 TYPE STRING,
KNZ6 TYPE STRING,
CURR6 TYPE STRING,
EXTBEWTXT6 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDSCRPOS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-DBUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-DFAELL sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-DDISPO sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART1 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL1 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ1 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR1 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT1 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART2 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL2 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ2 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR2 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT2 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART3 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL3 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ3 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR3 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT3 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART4 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL4 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ4 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR4 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT4 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART5 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL5 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ5 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR5 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT5 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWART6 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-VAL6 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-KNZ6 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-CURR6 sy-vline 
WA_VDSCRPOS_STR-EXTBEWTXT6 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.