ABAP Select data from SAP table VDOST into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDOST table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDOST. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDOST table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDOST TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDOST,
      WA_VDOST TYPE VDOST,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDOST> TYPE VDOST.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDOST.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDOST
  INTO TABLE IT_VDOST.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDOST
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDOST2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDOST INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDOST2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDOST ASSIGNING <VDOST>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDOST>-MANDT = 1.
<VDOST>-DOKAR = 1.
<VDOST>-DOKNR = 1.
<VDOST>-DOKVR = 1.
<VDOST>-DOKTL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDOST INTO WA_VDOST.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDOST-STLNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VDOST-STLAL, sy-vline,
  WA_VDOST-ANNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_VDOST-ANDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VDOST-AENAM, sy-vline,
  WA_VDOST-AEDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDOST you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDOST TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDOST INTO WA_VDOST.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDOST-DOKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDOST-DOKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field STLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDOST-STLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDOST-STLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STLAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDOST-STLAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDOST-STLAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDOST_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DOKAR TYPE STRING,
DOKNR TYPE STRING,
DOKVR TYPE STRING,
DOKTL TYPE STRING,
STLNR TYPE STRING,
STLAL TYPE STRING,
ANNAM TYPE STRING,
ANDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDOST_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDOST_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-DOKAR sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-DOKNR sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-DOKVR sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-DOKTL sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-STLNR sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-STLAL sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-ANNAM sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-ANDAT sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_VDOST_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.