ABAP Select data from SAP table VDMEKO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDMEKO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDMEKO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDMEKO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDMEKO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDMEKO,
      WA_VDMEKO TYPE VDMEKO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDMEKO> TYPE VDMEKO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDMEKO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDMEKO
  INTO TABLE IT_VDMEKO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDMEKO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDMEKO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDMEKO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDMEKO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDMEKO ASSIGNING <VDMEKO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDMEKO>-MANDT = 1.
<VDMEKO>-BUKRS = 1.
<VDMEKO>-STYP = 1.
<VDMEKO>-SBEZ = 1.
<VDMEKO>-SVYM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDMEKO INTO WA_VDMEKO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDMEKO-SVNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VDMEKO-RERF, sy-vline,
  WA_VDMEKO-DERF, sy-vline,
  WA_VDMEKO-TERF, sy-vline,
  WA_VDMEKO-REHER, sy-vline,
  WA_VDMEKO-RBEAR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDMEKO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDMEKO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDMEKO INTO WA_VDMEKO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDMEKO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
STYP TYPE STRING,
SBEZ TYPE STRING,
SVYM TYPE STRING,
SVNR TYPE STRING,
RERF TYPE STRING,
DERF TYPE STRING,
TERF TYPE STRING,
REHER TYPE STRING,
RBEAR TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
TBEAR TYPE STRING,
RBHER TYPE STRING,
DGVON TYPE STRING,
DGBIS TYPE STRING,
STAT TYPE STRING,
ARZAE TYPE STRING,
SRFAK TYPE STRING,
DREND TYPE STRING,
XTEXT TYPE STRING,
BEGRU TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDMEKO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDMEKO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-STYP sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-SBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-SVYM sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-SVNR sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-RERF sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-DERF sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-TERF sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-REHER sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-RBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-TBEAR sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-RBHER sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-DGVON sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-DGBIS sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-STAT sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-ARZAE sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-SRFAK sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-DREND sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-XTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VDMEKO_STR-BEGRU sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.