ABAP Select data from SAP table VDKUBEL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDKUBEL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDKUBEL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDKUBEL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDKUBEL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDKUBEL,
      WA_VDKUBEL TYPE VDKUBEL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDKUBEL> TYPE VDKUBEL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDKUBEL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDKUBEL
  INTO TABLE IT_VDKUBEL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDKUBEL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDKUBEL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDKUBEL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDKUBEL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDKUBEL ASSIGNING <VDKUBEL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDKUBEL>-MARKI = 1.
<VDKUBEL>-BUKRS = 1.
<VDKUBEL>-VERTN = 1.
<VDKUBEL>-KUNNR = 1.
<VDKUBEL>-VBEWA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDKUBEL INTO WA_VDKUBEL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDKUBEL-BELNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VDKUBEL-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_VDKUBEL-BUDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VDKUBEL-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_VDKUBEL-XBLNR, sy-vline,
  WA_VDKUBEL-SHKZG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDKUBEL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDKUBEL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDKUBEL INTO WA_VDKUBEL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERTN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDKUBEL-VERTN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDKUBEL-VERTN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDKUBEL-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDKUBEL-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDKUBEL-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDKUBEL-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDKUBEL-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDKUBEL-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDKUBEL_STR, 
MARKI TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
VERTN TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
VBEWA TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
XBLNR TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
UMSKZ TYPE STRING,
VALUT TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
ZLSPR TYPE STRING,
ZLSCH TYPE STRING,
MSCHL TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
VERTT TYPE STRING,
OHNEV TYPE STRING,
NOTHDN TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDKUBEL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-MARKI sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-VERTN sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-VBEWA sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-XBLNR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-UMSKZ sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-VALUT sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-ZLSPR sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-ZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-MSCHL sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-VERTT sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-OHNEV sy-vline 
WA_VDKUBEL_STR-NOTHDN sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.