ABAP Select data from SAP table VDGPO into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDGPO table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDGPO. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDGPO table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDGPO TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDGPO,
      WA_VDGPO TYPE VDGPO,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDGPO> TYPE VDGPO.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDGPO.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDGPO
  INTO TABLE IT_VDGPO.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDGPO
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDGPO2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDGPO INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDGPO2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDGPO ASSIGNING <VDGPO>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDGPO>-MANDT = 1.
<VDGPO>-SNUMOBJ = 1.
<VDGPO>-SOBJEKT = 1.
<VDGPO>-PARTNR = 1.
<VDGPO>-ROLETYP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDGPO INTO WA_VDGPO.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDGPO-DTRANS, sy-vline,
  WA_VDGPO-DBEBEZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VDGPO-DENBEZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VDGPO-APPL, sy-vline,
  WA_VDGPO-ADR_REF, sy-vline,
  WA_VDGPO-ROLE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDGPO you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDGPO TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDGPO INTO WA_VDGPO.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARTNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDGPO-PARTNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDGPO-PARTNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDGPO-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDGPO-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDGPO_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SNUMOBJ TYPE STRING,
SOBJEKT TYPE STRING,
PARTNR TYPE STRING,
ROLETYP TYPE STRING,
DTRANS TYPE STRING,
DBEBEZ TYPE STRING,
DENBEZ TYPE STRING,
APPL TYPE STRING,
ADR_REF TYPE STRING,
ROLE TYPE STRING,
PBEZ TYPE STRING,
BBEZ TYPE STRING,
SBBEZ TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
GZLSCH TYPE STRING,
BVTYP TYPE STRING,
ZLSCH TYPE STRING,
SDUNNDOC TYPE STRING,
SDUNNBUC TYPE STRING,
NORDER TYPE STRING,
MNDID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDGPO_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDGPO_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-SNUMOBJ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-SOBJEKT sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-PARTNR sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-ROLETYP sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-DTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-DBEBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-DENBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-APPL sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-ADR_REF sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-ROLE sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-PBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-BBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-SBBEZ sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-GZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-BVTYP sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-ZLSCH sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-SDUNNDOC sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-SDUNNBUC sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-NORDER sy-vline 
WA_VDGPO_STR-MNDID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.