ABAP Select data from SAP table VDBIW_DATA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VDBIW_DATA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VDBIW_DATA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VDBIW_DATA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VDBIW_DATA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VDBIW_DATA,
      WA_VDBIW_DATA TYPE VDBIW_DATA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VDBIW_DATA> TYPE VDBIW_DATA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VDBIW_DATA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VDBIW_DATA
  INTO TABLE IT_VDBIW_DATA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VDBIW_DATA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VDBIW_DATA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VDBIW_DATA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VDBIW_DATA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VDBIW_DATA ASSIGNING <VDBIW_DATA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VDBIW_DATA>-MANDT = 1.
<VDBIW_DATA>-BW_SYSID = 1.
<VDBIW_DATA>-INFOSOURCE = 1.
<VDBIW_DATA>-BUKRS = 1.
<VDBIW_DATA>-RANL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VDBIW_DATA INTO WA_VDBIW_DATA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VDBIW_DATA-DTRANS, sy-vline,
  WA_VDBIW_DATA-TTRANS, sy-vline,
  WA_VDBIW_DATA-NTRANS, sy-vline,
  WA_VDBIW_DATA-RECORDTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_VDBIW_DATA-TIMESTAMP, sy-vline,
  WA_VDBIW_DATA-FLG_DELETE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VDBIW_DATA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VDBIW_DATA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VDBIW_DATA INTO WA_VDBIW_DATA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VDBIW_DATA-RANL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VDBIW_DATA-RANL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VDBIW_DATA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BW_SYSID TYPE STRING,
INFOSOURCE TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
RANL TYPE STRING,
DTRANS TYPE STRING,
TTRANS TYPE STRING,
NTRANS TYPE STRING,
RECORDTYPE TYPE STRING,
TIMESTAMP TYPE STRING,
FLG_DELETE TYPE STRING,
GSART TYPE STRING,
DFAELL TYPE STRING,
DDISPO TYPE STRING,
BBWHR TYPE STRING,
BHWHR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-BW_SYSID sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-INFOSOURCE sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-RANL sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-DTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-TTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-NTRANS sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-RECORDTYPE sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-TIMESTAMP sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-FLG_DELETE sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-GSART sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-DFAELL sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-DDISPO sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-BBWHR sy-vline 
WA_VDBIW_DATA_STR-BHWHR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.