ABAP Select data from SAP table VCOBRA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VCOBRA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VCOBRA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VCOBRA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VCOBRA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VCOBRA,
      WA_VCOBRA TYPE VCOBRA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VCOBRA> TYPE VCOBRA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VCOBRA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VCOBRA
  INTO TABLE IT_VCOBRA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VCOBRA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VCOBRA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VCOBRA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VCOBRA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VCOBRA ASSIGNING <VCOBRA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VCOBRA>-MANDT = 1.
<VCOBRA>-OBJNR = 1.
<VCOBRA>-ERNAM = 1.
<VCOBRA>-ERDAT = 1.
<VCOBRA>-AENAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VCOBRA INTO WA_VCOBRA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VCOBRA-AEDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VCOBRA-KTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VCOBRA-ABSCH, sy-vline,
  WA_VCOBRA-KSTAR, sy-vline,
  WA_VCOBRA-URSCH, sy-vline,
  WA_VCOBRA-GMENG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VCOBRA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VCOBRA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VCOBRA INTO WA_VCOBRA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field URSCH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-URSCH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-URSCH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-GEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-GEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field APROF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-APROF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-APROF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ERSCH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-ERSCH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-ERSCH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field LETJA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VCOBRA-LETJA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VCOBRA-LETJA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VCOBRA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
AENAM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
ABSCH TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
URSCH TYPE STRING,
GMENG TYPE STRING,
GEINH TYPE STRING,
ANALG TYPE STRING,
ERSAV TYPE STRING,
APROF TYPE STRING,
ABRNR TYPE STRING,
BZDAT TYPE STRING,
ERSCH TYPE STRING,
LETJA TYPE STRING,
LETPE TYPE STRING,
HIENR TYPE STRING,
SORT TYPE STRING,
TIMESTMP TYPE STRING,
LYOPR TYPE STRING,
SRSLIST TYPE STRING,
ADDCURR TYPE STRING,
KZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VCOBRA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VCOBRA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-AENAM sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ABSCH sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-URSCH sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-GMENG sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-GEINH sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ANALG sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ERSAV sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-APROF sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ABRNR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-BZDAT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ERSCH sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-LETJA sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-LETPE sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-HIENR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-SORT sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-TIMESTMP sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-LYOPR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-SRSLIST sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-ADDCURR sy-vline 
WA_VCOBRA_STR-KZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.