ABAP Select data from SAP table VBPOS into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBPOS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBPOS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBPOS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBPOS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBPOS,
      WA_VBPOS TYPE VBPOS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBPOS> TYPE VBPOS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBPOS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBPOS
  INTO TABLE IT_VBPOS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBPOS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBPOS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBPOS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBPOS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBPOS ASSIGNING <VBPOS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBPOS>-ARKTX = 1.
<VBPOS>-BEZPO = 1.
<VBPOS>-MATNR = 1.
<VBPOS>-PSTYV = 1.
<VBPOS>-UMVKN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBPOS INTO WA_VBPOS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBPOS-UMVKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VBPOS-VGBEL, sy-vline,
  WA_VBPOS-VGPOS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBPOS-VRKME, sy-vline,
  WA_VBPOS-NETWR, sy-vline,
  WA_VBPOS-VBELN_VF, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBPOS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBPOS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBPOS INTO WA_VBPOS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBPOS-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBPOS-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VGBEL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBPOS-VGBEL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBPOS-VGBEL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VRKME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBPOS-VRKME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBPOS-VRKME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN_VF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBPOS-VBELN_VF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBPOS-VBELN_VF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNAG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBPOS-KUNAG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBPOS-KUNAG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBPOS_STR, 
ARKTX TYPE STRING,
BEZPO TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
PSTYV TYPE STRING,
UMVKN TYPE STRING,
UMVKZ TYPE STRING,
VGBEL TYPE STRING,
VGPOS TYPE STRING,
VRKME TYPE STRING,
NETWR TYPE STRING,
VBELN_VF TYPE STRING,
KUNAG TYPE STRING,
WAERK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBPOS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBPOS_STR-ARKTX sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-BEZPO sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-PSTYV sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-UMVKN sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-UMVKZ sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-VGBEL sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-VGPOS sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-VRKME sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-NETWR sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-VBELN_VF sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-KUNAG sy-vline 
WA_VBPOS_STR-WAERK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.