ABAP Select data from SAP table VBKA_MAILING into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBKA_MAILING table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBKA_MAILING. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBKA_MAILING table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBKA_MAILING TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBKA_MAILING,
      WA_VBKA_MAILING TYPE VBKA_MAILING,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBKA_MAILING> TYPE VBKA_MAILING.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBKA_MAILING.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBKA_MAILING
  INTO TABLE IT_VBKA_MAILING.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBKA_MAILING
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBKA_MAILING2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBKA_MAILING INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBKA_MAILING2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBKA_MAILING ASSIGNING <VBKA_MAILING>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBKA_MAILING>-MANDT = 1.
<VBKA_MAILING>-VBELN = 1.
<VBKA_MAILING>-ERDAT = 1.
<VBKA_MAILING>-ERNAM = 1.
<VBKA_MAILING>-KTAAR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBKA_MAILING INTO WA_VBKA_MAILING.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBKA_MAILING-TRVOG, sy-vline,
  WA_VBKA_MAILING-VKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_VBKA_MAILING-VTWEG, sy-vline,
  WA_VBKA_MAILING-SPART, sy-vline,
  WA_VBKA_MAILING-VKBUR, sy-vline,
  WA_VBKA_MAILING-VKGRP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBKA_MAILING you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBKA_MAILING TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBKA_MAILING INTO WA_VBKA_MAILING.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBKA_MAILING-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBKA_MAILING-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBKA_MAILING_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
KTAAR TYPE STRING,
TRVOG TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
SPART TYPE STRING,
VKBUR TYPE STRING,
VKGRP TYPE STRING,
KTABG TYPE STRING,
KTAEN TYPE STRING,
KTAGR TYPE STRING,
KTAST TYPE STRING,
KTAER TYPE STRING,
KTAEB TYPE STRING,
KTEXT TYPE STRING,
KTAAR_CLASS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAAR sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-TRVOG sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-SPART sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-VKBUR sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-VKGRP sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTABG sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAEN sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAGR sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAST sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAER sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAEB sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VBKA_MAILING_STR-KTAAR_CLASS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.