ABAP Select data from SAP table VBI_GEOMETRY into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBI_GEOMETRY table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBI_GEOMETRY. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBI_GEOMETRY table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBI_GEOMETRY TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBI_GEOMETRY,
      WA_VBI_GEOMETRY TYPE VBI_GEOMETRY,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBI_GEOMETRY> TYPE VBI_GEOMETRY.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBI_GEOMETRY.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBI_GEOMETRY
  INTO TABLE IT_VBI_GEOMETRY.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBI_GEOMETRY
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBI_GEOMETRY2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBI_GEOMETRY INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBI_GEOMETRY2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBI_GEOMETRY ASSIGNING <VBI_GEOMETRY>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBI_GEOMETRY>-CLIENT = 1.
<VBI_GEOMETRY>-GEOMKEY = 1.
<VBI_GEOMETRY>-GEOMVERSION = 1.
<VBI_GEOMETRY>-SCALE = 1.
<VBI_GEOMETRY>-GEOMELKEY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBI_GEOMETRY INTO WA_VBI_GEOMETRY.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-GEOEMLVERSION, sy-vline,
  WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-CRS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-SIMPLEGEOMETRY, sy-vline,
  WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-AUTHOR, sy-vline,
  WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-CREATEDON, sy-vline,
  WA_VBI_GEOMETRY-CHANGEDBY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBI_GEOMETRY you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBI_GEOMETRY TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBI_GEOMETRY INTO WA_VBI_GEOMETRY.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR, 
CLIENT TYPE STRING,
GEOMKEY TYPE STRING,
GEOMVERSION TYPE STRING,
SCALE TYPE STRING,
GEOMELKEY TYPE STRING,
GEOEMLVERSION TYPE STRING,
CRS TYPE STRING,
SIMPLEGEOMETRY TYPE STRING,
AUTHOR TYPE STRING,
CREATEDON TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDBY TYPE STRING,
CHANGEDON TYPE STRING,
XPOSMIN TYPE STRING,
YPOSMIN TYPE STRING,
ZPOSMIN TYPE STRING,
XPOSMAX TYPE STRING,
YPOSMAX TYPE STRING,
ZPOSMAX TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-CLIENT sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-GEOMKEY sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-GEOMVERSION sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-SCALE sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-GEOMELKEY sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-GEOEMLVERSION sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-CRS sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-SIMPLEGEOMETRY sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-AUTHOR sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-CREATEDON sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-CHANGEDBY sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-CHANGEDON sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-XPOSMIN sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-YPOSMIN sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-ZPOSMIN sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-XPOSMAX sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-YPOSMAX sy-vline 
WA_VBI_GEOMETRY_STR-ZPOSMAX sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.