ABAP Select data from SAP table VBHDR_G into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBHDR_G table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBHDR_G. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBHDR_G table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBHDR_G TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBHDR_G,
      WA_VBHDR_G TYPE VBHDR_G,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBHDR_G> TYPE VBHDR_G.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBHDR_G.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBHDR_G
  INTO TABLE IT_VBHDR_G.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBHDR_G
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBHDR_G2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBHDR_G INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBHDR_G2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBHDR_G ASSIGNING <VBHDR_G>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBHDR_G>-LTABNAME = 1.
<VBHDR_G>-VBKEY = 1.
<VBHDR_G>-VBMANDT = 1.
<VBHDR_G>-VBUSR = 1.
<VBHDR_G>-VBACCNT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBHDR_G INTO WA_VBHDR_G.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBHDR_G-VBREPORT, sy-vline,
  WA_VBHDR_G-VBTCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_VBHDR_G-VBENQKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_VBHDR_G-VBRC, sy-vline,
  WA_VBHDR_G-VBNAME, sy-vline,
  WA_VBHDR_G-VBCONTEXT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBHDR_G you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBHDR_G TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBHDR_G INTO WA_VBHDR_G.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field VBLANG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBHDR_G-VBLANG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBHDR_G-VBLANG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBHDR_G_STR, 
LTABNAME TYPE STRING,
VBKEY TYPE STRING,
VBMANDT TYPE STRING,
VBUSR TYPE STRING,
VBACCNT TYPE STRING,
VBREPORT TYPE STRING,
VBTCODE TYPE STRING,
VBENQKEY TYPE STRING,
VBRC TYPE STRING,
VBNAME TYPE STRING,
VBCONTEXT TYPE STRING,
VBSTATE TYPE STRING,
VBCLIINFO TYPE STRING,
VBLANG TYPE STRING,
VBDATFM TYPE STRING,
VBDCPFM TYPE STRING,
VBDATE TYPE STRING,
VBTRANSID TYPE STRING,
VBETRANSID TYPE STRING,
VBETRANSLN TYPE STRING,
VBCLINAME TYPE STRING,
VBZONLO TYPE STRING,
VBTIMOFF TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBHDR_G_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-LTABNAME sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBKEY sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBMANDT sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBUSR sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBACCNT sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBREPORT sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBTCODE sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBENQKEY sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBRC sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBNAME sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBCONTEXT sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBSTATE sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBCLIINFO sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBLANG sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBDATFM sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBDCPFM sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBDATE sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBTRANSID sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBETRANSID sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBETRANSLN sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBCLINAME sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBZONLO sy-vline 
WA_VBHDR_G_STR-VBTIMOFF sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.