ABAP Select data from SAP table VBFAL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBFAL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBFAL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBFAL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBFAL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBFAL,
      WA_VBFAL TYPE VBFAL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBFAL> TYPE VBFAL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBFAL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBFAL
  INTO TABLE IT_VBFAL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBFAL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBFAL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBFAL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBFAL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBFAL ASSIGNING <VBFAL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBFAL>-MANDT = 1.
<VBFAL>-VBELV = 1.
<VBFAL>-POSNV = 1.
<VBFAL>-VBELN = 1.
<VBFAL>-POSNN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBFAL INTO WA_VBFAL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBFAL-VBTYP_N, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFAL-RFMNG, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFAL-MEINS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFAL-RFWRT, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFAL-WAERS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFAL-VBTYP_V, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBFAL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBFAL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBFAL INTO WA_VBFAL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VOLEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-VOLEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-VOLEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VRKME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-VRKME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-VRKME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SONUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-SONUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-SONUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFAL-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFAL-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBFAL_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VBELV TYPE STRING,
POSNV TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNN TYPE STRING,
VBTYP_N TYPE STRING,
RFMNG TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
RFWRT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
VBTYP_V TYPE STRING,
PLMIN TYPE STRING,
TAQUI TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERZET TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
BDART TYPE STRING,
PLART TYPE STRING,
STUFE TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
FKTYP TYPE STRING,
BRGEW TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
VOLUM TYPE STRING,
VOLEH TYPE STRING,
FPLNR TYPE STRING,
FPLTR TYPE STRING,
RFMNG_FLO TYPE STRING,
RFMNG_FLT TYPE STRING,
VRKME TYPE STRING,
ABGES TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
SONUM TYPE STRING,
KZBEF TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
WBSTA TYPE STRING,
KZVOR TYPE STRING,
KZDET TYPE STRING,
APPLI TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
OBJ_BEZEI TYPE STRING,
POS_VTEXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBFAL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBFAL_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VBELV sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-POSNV sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-POSNN sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VBTYP_N sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-RFMNG sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-RFWRT sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VBTYP_V sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-PLMIN sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-TAQUI sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-ERZET sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-BDART sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-PLART sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-STUFE sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-FKTYP sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-BRGEW sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VOLUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VOLEH sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-FPLNR sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-FPLTR sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-RFMNG_FLO sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-RFMNG_FLT sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-VRKME sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-ABGES sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-SONUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-KZBEF sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-WBSTA sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-KZVOR sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-KZDET sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-APPLI sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-OBJ_BEZEI sy-vline 
WA_VBFAL_STR-POS_VTEXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.