ABAP Select data from SAP table VBFA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBFA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBFA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBFA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBFA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBFA,
      WA_VBFA TYPE VBFA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBFA> TYPE VBFA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBFA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBFA
  INTO TABLE IT_VBFA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBFA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBFA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBFA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBFA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBFA ASSIGNING <VBFA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBFA>-MANDT = 1.
<VBFA>-RUUID = 1.
<VBFA>-VBELV = 1.
<VBFA>-POSNV = 1.
<VBFA>-VBELN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBFA INTO WA_VBFA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBFA-POSNN, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFA-VBTYP_N, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFA-RFMNG, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFA-MEINS, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFA-RFWRT, sy-vline,
  WA_VBFA-WAERS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBFA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBFA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBFA INTO WA_VBFA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELV
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-VBELV
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-VBELV.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VOLEH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-VOLEH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-VOLEH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VRKME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-VRKME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-VRKME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SONUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-SONUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-SONUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field MJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBFA-MJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBFA-MJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBFA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RUUID TYPE STRING,
VBELV TYPE STRING,
POSNV TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
POSNN TYPE STRING,
VBTYP_N TYPE STRING,
RFMNG TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
RFWRT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
VBTYP_V TYPE STRING,
PLMIN TYPE STRING,
TAQUI TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
ERZET TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
BDART TYPE STRING,
PLART TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
FKTYP TYPE STRING,
BRGEW TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
VOLUM TYPE STRING,
VOLEH TYPE STRING,
FPLNR TYPE STRING,
FPLTR TYPE STRING,
RFMNG_FLO TYPE STRING,
RFMNG_FLT TYPE STRING,
VRKME TYPE STRING,
ABGES TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
SONUM TYPE STRING,
KZBEF TYPE STRING,
NTGEW TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
WBSTA TYPE STRING,
CMETH TYPE STRING,
MJAHR TYPE STRING,
STUFE TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBFA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBFA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-RUUID sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VBELV sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-POSNV sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-POSNN sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VBTYP_N sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-RFMNG sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-RFWRT sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VBTYP_V sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-PLMIN sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-TAQUI sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-ERZET sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-BDART sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-PLART sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-FKTYP sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-BRGEW sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VOLUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VOLEH sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-FPLNR sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-FPLTR sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-RFMNG_FLO sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-RFMNG_FLT sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-VRKME sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-ABGES sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-SONUM sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-KZBEF sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-NTGEW sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-WBSTA sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-CMETH sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-MJAHR sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-STUFE sy-vline 
WA_VBFA_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.