ABAP Select data from SAP table VBDDL into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VBDDL table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VBDDL. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VBDDL table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VBDDL TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VBDDL,
      WA_VBDDL TYPE VBDDL,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VBDDL> TYPE VBDDL.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VBDDL.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VBDDL
  INTO TABLE IT_VBDDL.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VBDDL
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VBDDL2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VBDDL INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VBDDL2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VBDDL ASSIGNING <VBDDL>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VBDDL>-TERNR = 1.
<VBDDL>-VORNR = 1.
<VBDDL>-VSTZW = 1.
<VBDDL>-VSTZW_TXT = 1.
<VBDDL>-VSTGA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VBDDL INTO WA_VBDDL.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VBDDL-VSTGA_TXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VBDDL-KNOTE, sy-vline,
  WA_VBDDL-KNOTE_TXT, sy-vline,
  WA_VBDDL-NTANF, sy-vline,
  WA_VBDDL-NTANZ, sy-vline,
  WA_VBDDL-NTEND, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VBDDL you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VBDDL TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VBDDL INTO WA_VBDDL.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TERNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBDDL-TERNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBDDL-TERNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field VORNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBDDL-VORNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBDDL-VORNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EVTYA, internal->external for field EVEN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EVTYA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VBDDL-EVEN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VBDDL-EVEN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VBDDL_STR, 
TERNR TYPE STRING,
VORNR TYPE STRING,
VSTZW TYPE STRING,
VSTZW_TXT TYPE STRING,
VSTGA TYPE STRING,
VSTGA_TXT TYPE STRING,
KNOTE TYPE STRING,
KNOTE_TXT TYPE STRING,
NTANF TYPE STRING,
NTANZ TYPE STRING,
NTEND TYPE STRING,
NTENZ TYPE STRING,
ISDD TYPE STRING,
ISDZ TYPE STRING,
IEDD TYPE STRING,
IEDZ TYPE STRING,
TDNAME TYPE STRING,
EVEN TYPE STRING,
EVEN_ALI TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VBDDL_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VBDDL_STR-TERNR sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-VORNR sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-VSTZW sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-VSTZW_TXT sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-VSTGA sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-VSTGA_TXT sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-KNOTE sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-KNOTE_TXT sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-NTANF sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-NTANZ sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-NTEND sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-NTENZ sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-ISDD sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-ISDZ sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-IEDD sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-IEDZ sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-TDNAME sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-EVEN sy-vline 
WA_VBDDL_STR-EVEN_ALI sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.