ABAP Select data from SAP table VAKGU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VAKGU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VAKGU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VAKGU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VAKGU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VAKGU,
      WA_VAKGU TYPE VAKGU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VAKGU> TYPE VAKGU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VAKGU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VAKGU
  INTO TABLE IT_VAKGU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VAKGU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VAKGU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VAKGU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VAKGU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VAKGU ASSIGNING <VAKGU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VAKGU>-MANDT = 1.
<VAKGU>-VKORG = 1.
<VAKGU>-TRVOG = 1.
<VAKGU>-DATAB = 1.
<VAKGU>-DATBI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VAKGU INTO WA_VAKGU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VAKGU-VKBUR, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKGU-VKGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKGU-ZPERS, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKGU-VTWEG, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKGU-SPART, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKGU-AUART, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VAKGU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VAKGU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VAKGU INTO WA_VAKGU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit AUART, internal->external for field AUART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AUART_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VAKGU-AUART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VAKGU-AUART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VAKGU-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VAKGU-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VAKGU-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VAKGU-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VAKGU_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
TRVOG TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
VKBUR TYPE STRING,
VKGRP TYPE STRING,
ZPERS TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
SPART TYPE STRING,
AUART TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
_DATAAGING TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VAKGU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VAKGU_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-TRVOG sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-VKBUR sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-VKGRP sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-ZPERS sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-SPART sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-AUART sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_VAKGU_STR-_DATAAGING sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.