ABAP Select data from SAP table VAKE_TREE into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP VAKE_TREE table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to VAKE_TREE. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the VAKE_TREE table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_VAKE_TREE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF VAKE_TREE,
      WA_VAKE_TREE TYPE VAKE_TREE,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <VAKE_TREE> TYPE VAKE_TREE.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_VAKE_TREE.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM VAKE_TREE
  INTO TABLE IT_VAKE_TREE.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM VAKE_TREE
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_VAKE_TREE2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_VAKE_TREE INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_VAKE_TREE2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_VAKE_TREE ASSIGNING <VAKE_TREE>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<VAKE_TREE>-KVEWE = 1.
<VAKE_TREE>-KOTABNR = 1.
<VAKE_TREE>-KAPPL = 1.
<VAKE_TREE>-KSCHL = 1.
<VAKE_TREE>-VAKEY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_VAKE_TREE INTO WA_VAKE_TREE.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_VAKE_TREE-DATBI, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKE_TREE-DATAB, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKE_TREE-KNUMH, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKE_TREE-KNUMA, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKE_TREE-VADAT, sy-vline,
  WA_VAKE_TREE-NODE_KEY, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_VAKE_TREE you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_VAKE_TREE TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_VAKE_TREE INTO WA_VAKE_TREE.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit KOTAB, internal->external for field KOTABNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_KOTAB_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VAKE_TREE-KOTABNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VAKE_TREE-KOTABNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KNUMA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_VAKE_TREE-KNUMA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_VAKE_TREE-KNUMA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_VAKE_TREE_STR, 
KVEWE TYPE STRING,
KOTABNR TYPE STRING,
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
VAKEY TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
KNUMH TYPE STRING,
KNUMA TYPE STRING,
VADAT TYPE STRING,
NODE_KEY TYPE STRING,
T_IMAGE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_VAKE_TREE_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KVEWE sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KOTABNR sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-VAKEY sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KNUMH sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-KNUMA sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-VADAT sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-NODE_KEY sy-vline 
WA_VAKE_TREE_STR-T_IMAGE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.